There are very many methods of bladder surgery, and at present most of them are minimally invasive, depending on what the disease is and the severity of the condition.
In case of bladder stones, transurethral laser lithotripsy or pneumatic ballistic lithotripsy is generally used, in which special surgical instruments (such as cystoscope or ureteroscope) are inserted through the urethra to find the stones and then break them up with laser and then flush them out. Patients with bladder tumors can also be treated by minimally invasive transurethral surgery, in which special surgical instruments (such as electrodesiccoscope, etc.) are used to remove the tumor from the urethra, or laser resection can also be used, which has no wound and quicker recovery.
In conclusion, if you have bladder related diseases, you must go to a regular hospital for examination and diagnosis and choose the most suitable surgical method according to your condition.