When a patient visits a doctor for throat discomfort, the ENT doctor can usually diagnose the disease in general and manage it in an outpatient clinic by taking a history and applying indirect laryngoscopy. Some patients require laryngoscopy for a variety of reasons in order to make a definitive diagnosis. The more commonly used clinical laryngoscopy includes rigid tube laryngoscopy, fiberoptic (or electronic) laryngoscopy and microlaryngoscopy. The more common reasons, such as the patient’s high dorsal arch of the tongue, over-sensitive pharyngeal reflex, and inability to elevate the epiglottis, cause the laryngeal cavity and laryngopharynx to be not clearly visible under indirect laryngoscopy, and most of them need to be examined with the help of rigid tube laryngoscopy. The surface anesthetic (dicaine) is first sprayed on the oropharynx to weaken the pharyngeal reflex, and then a straight rigid tube is placed on top of the tongue inside the mouth, and the structures of the larynx can be seen clearly on the monitor. The results of the examination can be saved or printed as a photograph. This is a non-invasive test, and very few patients experience anesthetic allergy. Two hours after the examination, the anesthetic wears off and you can eat normally. In some patients, the application of rigid tube laryngoscope still cannot fully expose the larynx, or the patient cannot open the mouth, etc., then fiberoptic laryngoscopy or fiberoptic electronic laryngoscopy is required. Since it is a fiberoptic tube, the laryngeal cavity and laryngopharynx, as well as the nasal cavity, nasopharynx, and trachea can be fully visualized. Anesthesia is also applied with dicaine, which is sprayed in the pharynx in addition to drops of dicaine into the laryngeal cavity. This is one of the most widely used non-invasive examinations in laryngology. There are almost no contraindications except for very few patients with high fever and respiratory distress. After the above laryngoscopy, if lesions are found in the larynx or laryngopharynx, especially masses and unexplained ulcers, etc., a microscopic laryngoscopic biopsy is required in order to clarify their nature. It is usually performed under general anesthesia, with direct laryngoscopic exposure of the larynx, application of a support frame, and under a binocular microscope. Some patients have postoperative damage to the pharyngeal mucosa, which heals in a few days.