Possible causes of frequent urination and painful urethra: First, urinary system infections, such as acute urethritis, acute cystitis, acute pyelonephritis, etc., can occur with frequent urination and painful urethra, or with increased secretions in the urethra, accompanied by small abdominal cramps and lumbago. Routine urine tests and urine culture tests are needed to further confirm the diagnosis. Secondly, if there are urethral stones, there can also be frequent urination, pain in the urethra, and a feeling of blockage in the urethra, and the patient may have difficulty in urination, bifurcation of urination or continuous pain in the urethra. Ultrasound and urethroscopy of the urinary system are recommended to further confirm the diagnosis. Third, if there are polyps and tumors in the urethra, pain can also occur, accompanied by frequent urination and bleeding from the urethra. Urethroscopy is needed, and after the presence of the mass is clear, a biopsy and pathological section are needed to confirm the diagnosis.