There are currently two levels of understanding of CPR, the broad understanding refers to modern CPR, including basic life support, advanced life support, and continuous life support, and the narrow understanding refers to the unassisted CPR operation in basic life support. Most of the CPR mentioned in daily life refers to CPR in the narrow sense, and the indications and contraindications of broad CPR are mainly discussed here. Indications: The indications for CPR are various causes of cardiac arrest, which can be simply divided into cardiac and non-cardiac causes. Cardiac-derived cardiac arrests are very common in clinical practice, such as those caused by acute myocardial infarction, myocarditis, heart valve disease, and various types of arrhythmias, all of which require CPR. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is also required for cardiac arrests caused by non-cardiac origin diseases, such as hyperkalemia, trauma, asphyxia, cerebrovascular disease, electrocution, and drowning. Contraindications: There are no absolute contraindications to CPR. Relative contraindications include open chest wall injury, rib fracture, thoracic deformity or cardiac compression, and clear irreversible failure of vital organs such as heart, lung and brain. Clinical contraindications exist because they do not produce medically derived damage, such as drug reactions, operational risks, etc. However, when patients need CPR, they are already in a near-death state, and interventions must be imposed in order to save life, only in cases where the patient’s underlying disease is severe resuscitation is not effective and needs to be considered clinically in a comprehensive manner.