Prostatitis is one of the most common diseases among adult men. Although it is not a direct life-threatening disease, it seriously affects the quality of life of patients. At the same time, the huge number of people suffering from the disease and the high cost of medical care impose a huge economic burden on public health. The actual fact that the pathogenesis and pathophysiological changes of chronic prostatitis are not well understood, many physicians find it tricky in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of chronic prostatitis. The actual fact is that it is necessary to standardize the understanding of each type of prostatitis, the judgment of the severity of the disease, the choice of treatment methods and the evaluation of the efficacy of many aspects. (In 1995, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) developed a new classification based on the basic and clinical research on prostatitis: Type I: equivalent to ABP in the traditional classification. Type I: The onset of the disease is rapid and may be characterized by sudden onset of febrile illness with persistent and obvious symptoms of lower urinary tract infection, elevated white blood cell count in the urine, and positive bacterial culture in the blood and/or urine. Type II: Corresponds to CBP in the traditional classification method and accounts for about 5-8% of chronic prostatitis. There are recurrent lower urinary tract infection symptoms lasting more than 3 months, elevated white blood cell count in EPS/semen/VB3, and positive bacterial culture results. Type III: chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndromes (CP/CPPS), equivalent to CNP and PD in the traditional classification method, is the most common type of prostatitis, accounting for about 90% or more of chronic prostatitis. The main manifestation is long-term, recurrent pain or discomfort in the pelvic region lasting more than 3 months, which can be accompanied by varying degrees of urinary symptoms and sexual dysfunction, seriously affecting the patient’s quality of life; negative EPS/semen/VB3 bacterial culture results. The type can be subdivided into two subtypes, IIIA (inflammatory CPPS) and IIIB (non-inflammatory CPPS), based on the results of routine microscopic examination of EPS/semen/VB3: the number of leukocytes in EPS/semen/VB3 is elevated in type IIIA patients; the leukocytes in EPS/semen/VB3 are in the normal range in type IIIB patients. The two subtypes IIIA and IIIB each account for about 50% of the cases. Type IV: asymptomatory inflammatory prostatitis (AIP). The only evidence of inflammation is found on examination of the prostate (EPS, semen, prostate tissue biopsy and pathology of prostatectomy specimens, etc.). The pathogenesis and pathophysiological changes of type III prostatitis (chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome) are not well understood. It is currently thought that it may be a group of diseases with their own unique etiology, clinical features and outcome in which patients present with symptoms consistently characterized by pain or discomfort in the pelvic region and abnormal urination in the presence of pathogens and/or certain non-infectious factors. Type IV prostatitis (asymptomatic prostatitis) has been added to the NIH classification to help in the differential diagnosis of patients with male infertility and elevated serum PSA. (ii) Epidemiology Factors influencing the development of prostatitis Prostatitis can affect adult men of all ages. the prevalence is higher in adult men under 50 years of age. In addition, the onset of prostatitis may also be related to season, diet, sexual activity, genitourinary tract inflammation, benign prostatic hyperplasia or lower urinary tract syndrome, occupation, socioeconomic status, and psychosocial factors.