The nose is ventilated after birth in normal children, and the nasal cavity is the primary portal of the respiratory tract, playing an important role in contact with the external environment. The nasal cavity is a channel for breathing air and has the role of regulating the temperature, humidity, filtration and cleaning of the inhaled air in order to protect the mucous membrane of the lower respiratory tract to adapt to physiological requirements and facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the alveoli.
The role of the nasal cavity.
1, the role of the channel due to the special anatomy of the nasal cavity, inhalation airflow is parabolic through the medial nasal turbinate of the nasal cavity top, and then folded down through the posterior nostril into the pharyngeal cavity. When exhaling, part of the airflow is parabolic through the anterior nostril, part of it is due to the large posterior nostril, the anterior nostril is small, so that all the airflow can not be exhaled at the same time, but in the nasal cavity to form a vortex airflow gradually exhaled, so that the airflow in the nasal cavity increased the opportunity to contact with the mucosa of the nasal cavity and sinuses.
2, warming effect of the nasal mucosa is large, and there is a rich spongy vascular tissue, with sensitive diastolic capacity, can release about 70 calories of heat energy per day, so that the cold air inhaled quickly warmed, adjusted to 30 ° C-33 ° C, and then through the pharynx, throat adjustment to the normal body temperature is similar to the lungs.
3, the role of wetting the nasal mucosa is rich in glands, when needed a day and night can secrete water about 1000ml, to improve the humidity of the air, to prevent the respiratory tract mucosa dry, so that the cilia movement of the mucosa to maintain normal function.
4, filtering and cleaning role of the nasal vestibule of the nasal hairs on the dust has a blocking filtering effect. The finer dust and bacteria into the nasal cavity, by the mucous surface of the mucous blanket sticky, mucous can dissolve bacterial lysozyme, and then sent backward through the cilia movement to the nasopharyngeal cavity, through the oral cavity spit or swallowed. Therefore, the protection of cilia movement is very important to maintain the normal physiological function of the nasal cavity.
The nostril inlets are lined with hard, short nasal hairs that keep out pollen, shredded lint, dust and other larger particles from the air. Impurities that pass through the first line of defense are met with a second, tighter line of defense. If a foreign body irritates the nose, it will often sneeze, spewing the foreign body out of the body immediately. In addition, the mucus secreted by the mucous membrane on the inner wall of the respiratory tract not only sticks bacteria and other foreign bodies, but the lysozyme and other enzymes secreted by the nasal cavity can effectively inhibit bacteria.
Every 20 minutes or so, the nose secretes about half a liter, which is the proverbial snot. To get rid of the waste mucus containing impurities, there are billions of cilia in the nose that sweep through the mucus layer nearly 1000 times per minute, sweeping the mucus into the esophagus and stomach, where the digestive juices destroy the bacteria trapped in the mucus.
Poor ventilation of the child’s nose can lead to sinusitis, otitis media, and infections of the lower respiratory tract – bronchitis, bronchitis, and pneumonia. Factors that cause poor ventilation of the child’s nose.
1, congenital nasopharyngeal malformation, posterior nostril atresia, narrowing or atresia of both anterior nostrils
2.Allergic rhinitis, dry rhinitis, hypertrophic rhinitis, sinusitis and nasal masses.
3.Adenoid hypertrophy, nasopharyngeal fibrovascular tumor and other new organisms.
How to determine whether the child’s nose is ventilated.
1, newborns generally will only breathe through the nose within 3 weeks, and gradually learn to breathe through the mouth after 3 weeks. If you find that a newborn is breathing with an open mouth, that is a congenital disease of the nose.
2, observe whether the child’s breathing sound, under normal circumstances when the child breathes, the nose will not make a sound.
3.Observe whether the child has nasal discharge, whether it is purulent discharge, bloody discharge or clear-colored.
4, observe whether the child sleeps with his mouth open to breathe, the child open-mouth breathing is a clear manifestation of poor ventilation of the nose. Under normal conditions, children are breathing with their mouths closed.
5, observe whether the child often pick their nose, if you find that the child often pick their nose, it means that the child has a problem with the nose.
6, observe whether the child sleeps snoring, whether the child sleeps snoring is also a manifestation of airway narrowing.
The nasal cavity is the primary gateway to the respiratory tract and plays an important role in contact with the outside environment. Parents are invited to observe whether there are any problems with their child’s nasal ventilation through the above aspects, and to consult a doctor in time for a clear diagnosis and symptomatic treatment to avoid inducing other diseases of the respiratory tract.