Cholesteatoma of the middle ear is a rather specific disease of the ear that can cause a series of complications that can endanger the life of the patient. In this case, middle ear cholesteatoma must be treated surgically. Surgery is only part of the treatment, and follow-up and care after surgery are necessary to ensure the patient’s smooth recovery. Postoperative care measures for middle ear cholesteatoma are as follows: 1. On the day of surgery, pay attention to lying down, eat easily digestible food, and try to avoid chewing movements; 2. Pay attention to rest to prevent wound bleeding and other complications; 3. After the perioperative period, change the medication within 3 days of surgery, and observe the wound healing when changing the medication; if it heals well, the sutures can be removed 1 week after surgery; 2 weeks after surgery, the patient is regularly review and removal of the dressing in the surgical cavity. Subsequently, the dressing will be changed regularly every 1 week. Basically, in the course of 1.5 to 2 months after surgery, the wound can be completely healed and return to normal life.