What is a small penis? A micropenis is a penis that is structurally normal and smaller than the normal size range for infants. Normally, a male newborn penis is between 2.8 and 4.2 cm (1.1 and 1.6 inches) in length and its circumference is between 0.9 and 1.3 cm (0.35 and 0.5 inches). Take this measurement by carefully stretching the penis and measuring the distance from the tip to the base of the penis. A penis that is less than 1.9 centimeters (0.75 inches) in length is usually considered a small penis. What causes a small penis? Micropenis can occur alone, but usually occurs in combination with other conditions. Those hormone disorders that cause abnormal levels of hormones involved in the development of the sex organs may occur in combination with a small penis. This may involve the pituitary gland or hypothalamus. What are the symptoms of micropenis? Since each child may present with different symptoms, the most common manifestation of a small penis is when the infant penis is gently stretched to a length of less than 1.9 cm. In some cases, adulthood is found to have low sperm counts that lead to infertility or reduced fertility. Micropenis may or may not occur in combination with other conditions. Consult your child’s doctor for a diagnosis. How is micropenis diagnosed? The diagnosis is often made after birth. The diagnosis is usually made through a physical examination. Your child may be referred to several specialists, including a pediatric urologist (a doctor who specializes in diseases and care of the urinary and male genital tract) and a pediatric endocrinologist (a doctor who specializes in hormones). What is the treatment for micropenis? The specific treatment for micropenis will be determined by your child’s doctor based on: your child’s age, overall health and disease history; the extent of the disease; your child’s tolerance of specific medications, procedures or treatments; expectations of the disease process; your opinion or preference; and the absence of a cure for micropenis. Hormone therapy may be indicated for some children to stimulate penile growth. Other treatment options will also be discussed with you to. This disease is best treated at a young age.