There are many factors that influence myopia, but currently the main ones are genetic and environmental factors. The hereditary factor is the increased risk of myopia in children whose parents or grandparents have myopia. Environmental factors are mainly related to outdoor activities and eye habits, especially diet. And myopia prevention factors are also related to these influencing factors. Prevention of myopia is mainly through increasing the time spent outdoors and ensuring two hours of outdoor activity per day, which can effectively reduce the incidence of myopia. In addition, reducing the amount of time spent in close proximity and good eye habits can also reduce the incidence of myopia and can reduce the progression of myopia. A proper diet and reduced intake of high fat and sugar can also control myopia and slow down the growth of myopia.