Before nasal polyp surgery, patients often ask their doctors: Will nasal polyps recur after surgery? This is actually the most important question for doctors. Now, with the maturity of nasal endoscopic sinus technology and the improvement of postoperative follow-up and comprehensive treatment, it can be said that the problem of postoperative recurrence, which has plagued us for many years, has been relatively well solved, and most nasal polyps have not recurred after more than 1 year of follow-up. However, some patients do not realize the importance of postoperative follow-up, and often think that the treatment is over after the surgery; or they come for follow-up only within 1 month after the surgery, and then lose the visit when the symptoms improve, and as a result, they come to the clinic half a year later and find that there are polyps growing again, which often requires another surgery, adding physical pain and financial burden to themselves. Analysis shows that the main factors that affect patients’ inability to adhere to the follow-up visits after nasal endoscopy are: 1. Ideology. Patients do not clearly understand the value and significance of follow-up visits to the success of the operation and the cure of the disease, thinking that the operation is completed when it is well, which requires the vigorous propaganda of our medical workers to repeatedly emphasize its importance to patients before and after the operation. 2. Psychological factors. That is, the patient’s fear of pain in the follow-up treatment and the fear of bleeding after treatment, etc. This point is also the patient must overcome, in order to reduce the future recurrence, must adhere to the follow-up. 3. Economic factors. This is a very important factor that patients can not adhere to the follow-up, but also the most helpless doctors, I believe that with the development of the national economy and the health insurance system, this problem will be improved. Why do we have to emphasize the importance of follow-up after nasal polyp surgery? A successful surgery is the most important and fundamental factor to ensure that polyps do not recur, but post-operative follow-up is as important as surgery. Because nasal endoscopic surgery is different from the previous radical surgery, it emphasizes a “functional” principle, that is, the surgery should preserve the mucosa of the nasal cavity and sinuses to the maximum extent to restore the physiological function of the nasal cavity as soon as possible, so some of the mucosa with lighter lesions will be preserved after the surgery, and the recovery of the function of the preserved lesions will take some time. A certain period of time is needed for the recovery of the function of the preserved lesions. During this time, there will be blood crust formation, vesicle-like changes, mucosal edema and granulation growth, etc. If they are not cleared in time, they may gradually develop into nasal polyps and aggravate the symptoms of sinusitis. Therefore, surgery is only the beginning and key stage of the overall treatment steps, postoperative follow-up and comprehensive treatment is an essential and important part of the whole process of nasal polyp and sinusitis treatment by nasal endoscopy. So, when to start the postoperative follow-up and how long to insist on it? Generally speaking, one outpatient nasal endoscopy is routinely done every 2 weeks for one month after surgery, and then once a month as appropriate until the epithelialization of the mucosa, which takes about six months to one year. In case of recurrent nasal polyps, the follow-up period will be extended. Some patients ask why endoscopy is necessary for postoperative follow-up. This is because the postoperative period of 5 to 6 weeks is a period of high sinus secretions and crust formation, cavity vesicle changes and granulation growth, which require endoscopic examination to clean up, prevent nasal adhesions and keep sinus drainage open, which cannot be dealt with by general outpatient examination. If these vesicles and granules are not cleared in time, there will be a gradual recurrence of nasal polyps and sinusitis in the future, so herein lies the importance of insisting on nasal endoscopy after surgery. In summary, a successful endoscopic sinus surgery and the establishment and adherence to a good follow-up system are both important factors in curing sinusitis and nasal polyps.