With the widespread implementation of urine screening, especially after urine testing as a routine for young children entering nursery school, more and more patients are found to have hematuria, about one to two percent according to our statistics. Most of these patients have no clinical symptoms other than microscopic hematuria. The urine aberrant red blood cell test can distinguish whether the hematuria is nephrogenic or non-nephrogenic. A greater than thirty percent suggests nephrogenic hematuria. The higher the percentage, the more significant it is. For non-nephrogenic hematuria, the main focus is to identify the cause and treat the cause symptomatically. For nephrogenic hematuria, short-term follow-up observation of urinary routine, renal function and urinary protein series can be performed. 2. There is hematuria of the naked eye, recurring for 2 or more times. 3, combined with hearing or visual impairment, consider Alport syndrome. 4.The course of the disease is more than one year, and there is a progressive increase in red blood cell count in routine urine examination, or there is a combination of proteinuria. 5.Progressive increase in urine microprotein, as well as the appearance of renal function impairment. 6.B ultrasound indicates significant renal parenchymal damage.