Subcutaneous emphysema refers to the presence of a volume of air in the subcutaneous tissue. If the neck is thickened, the skin is swollen and slightly smooth, and there is a sensation of gas present when pressure is applied, this suggests that a subcutaneous emphysema may be present. If the patient has recently undergone a gastroscopy or bronchoscopy, or if there has been a foreign body blocking the oesophagus or an oesophageal tumour, this may be caused by trauma to the oesophagus or trachea or bronchus, and the gas has escaped from the damaged area and accumulated under the skin, resulting in a thickened, subcutaneous emphysema of the neck.
If there is no other obvious discomfort in the family at this time, prompt medical attention is recommended to determine the cause and severity; if there is also dyspnoea and chest tightness at this time, immediate medical attention is required to avoid deterioration or complications.