Fibrous membrane encapsulation, also known as “abdominal callus”, was named in 1978 and is a relatively uncommon disease in abdominal surgery. It is characterized by a dense, grayish-white, tough, hard and thick fibrous membrane wrapped around all or part of the small intestine. Because of its different etiology, different clinical manifestations and inconsistent recognition, it has been reported as “small intestine cocoon encapsulation, congenital small intestine confinement, small intestine stage fiber encapsulation, and intestinal obstruction with intraperitoneal adhesions”. This disease needs to be differentiated from peritoneal fibrosis due to tuberculous peritonitis, sclerosing peritonitis, and peritoneal encapsulation. 1, peritoneal fibrosis due to tuberculous peritonitis: manifested by extensive dense adhesions between the peritoneum and intestinal tube and omentum that are not easily separated, thickened omentum, contracted into a mass, hanging at the transverse colon, pathology can be seen as typical caseous granuloma. 2, peritoneal encapsulation disease: manifested as small intestine wrapped in a layer of relatively normal peritoneum, no adhesions with the intestinal tube, the source of which is the umbilical sac remaining in embryonic development, is a developmental abnormality. 3, sclerosing peritonitis: mostly occurs in peritoneal dialysis, abdominal chemotherapy, abdominal surgery, liver cirrhosis ascites and long-term use of prilosec, etc., the whole abdomen tight, hard as a plate, peritoneal wall layer and the whole abdominal organs extensive adhesions, intestinal tube adhesions tight, difficult to separate. Usually patients are asymptomatic, and 92% of them seek medical attention for intestinal obstruction, of which subacute and chronic intestinal obstruction account for 71.4%, and some patients are occasionally found this disease during abdominal surgery.