Emergency rash (exanthema subitum), also known as infant roseola (infant rash) and fever rash, is an acute outbreak of infection caused by human herpes virus types 6 and 7.
infantum) and fever rash, is an acute rash infectious disease commonly seen in infants and young children caused by human herpes virus types 6 and 7 infection. The clinical features are a high fever for 3 to 4 days, often with a sudden onset and a rapid rise in body temperature, often in the range of 39°C to 40°C. Individual children may have febrile convulsions. The fever then suddenly subsides and a small rose-red papular rash appears all over the body, “the fever subsides and the rash emerges” is the characteristic of this disease. The rash is mostly irregularly spotted or maculopapular. The rash may fade when pressed by hand. The rash can be seen all over the body, mostly from the neck and trunk to the extremities, but rarely on the forearms, lower legs and hands and feet. The rash usually begins to fade within a few hours and disappears within 2 to 3 days, without hyperpigmentation or peeling. Because it resembles measles but is different from measles, it is also known as “pseudo measles”. It is mainly found in infants and children aged 6 months to 18 months and is called “milk measles” in Chinese medicine. 6 months to 1 year old is the most common and almost 100% of babies will be infected at least once. It is not a rash that every baby has to have. The disease can occur in all seasons, with winter and spring being the most common. There is usually one infection, and two infections are extremely rare. The incubation period is 8 to 14 days. The virus can be spread by droplet transmission, contact transmission, etc., but its contagiousness is very weak. It is an epidemic case and is not epidemic in nature. Some children also have respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms. The lymph nodes in the neck may be enlarged. The enlarged lymph nodes are especially noticeable behind the ear or behind the occiput. Laboratory tests: normal or low white blood cells in the blood count and increased lymphocytes in the classification. The prognosis is good and they all heal spontaneously. The rash is usually the first time a baby experiences a fever, so young parents don’t need to obsess about it, just take care of their feverish baby normally. The doctor is often unable to make a diagnosis until the rash comes out in the early stages of the disease, but parents do not have to worry if it is a misdiagnosis because complications rarely occur and the condition does not develop seriously. The rash does not require special treatment, but will heal on its own in a few days with intensive care and appropriate symptomatic treatment. Parents should let their children rest in bed, go outdoors as little as possible, avoid cold water, drink appropriate water and juice, eat easily digestible food during the illness, and give appropriate antipyretic medication if the body temperature is high. Warm reminder: after the rash is generally no itching, rarely scratching phenomenon, do not need additional medication to apply. After one to two days, the rash will naturally subside, leaving no pigmented spots and no flaking phenomenon. This rash is not afraid of the wind and does not affect the baby’s daily bathing. The rash is not unique to toddler rash. If a rash develops during a fever, or before a fever, it is usually not an emergency rash.