The weather has been unpredictable lately, and the number of children with colds and fevers has started to increase again. Fever-reducing medicine, I’m afraid, is one of the drugs most families always have on hand, so which is the safest fever-reducing medicine? How to use it? Here are some of our commonly used antipyretics that parents can selectively refer to. Acetaminophen (also known as paracetamol), trade names include: Tylenol, Benadryl, Anjar fever, etc. It is 10-15 mg per kg of body weight per dose. Although it works quickly to reduce fever, the control of body temperature is relatively short compared to other drugs, with an average control time of about 2 hours. But it has relatively few side effects. It is not irritating to the gastrointestinal tract and has no effect on blood clotting. Since acetaminophen has no gastrointestinal reactions, platelet function effects, granulocytopenia, etc., common to other antipyretic and analgesic drugs, and no nephrotoxicity, it is safe and is now widely used worldwide, and clinically, doctors are used to using this drug for children under two years old. However, it should be noted that the drug has obvious dose-dependence, that is, the efficacy rises with the rise of the dose, so it is necessary to prevent the over-application of this drug can cause liver damage. Ibuprofen: trade names include: Merlin, Tienqian, Chen Gong Zaixin, etc. This drug and acetaminophen are two antipyretics recommended by the World Health Organization for children, both are safer drugs, dosage: 5~10mg/kg body weight/time, 6~8 hours. Characteristics: The fever reduction is smooth and long-lasting, with a duration of up to 8 hours. It has little effect on gastrointestinal irritation and platelets. It is also more effective than acetaminophen in reducing fever of high fever (39 degrees and above) for a longer duration, with an average effect of 4 to 6 hours. The main side effects: mild gastrointestinal reactions, increased transaminases, occasionally can affect the coagulation function, etc. It is occasionally reversible kidney damage in states of dehydration, low blood volume and low cardiac output. Overdose may have central nervous system depression, seizures, etc. Therefore, clinically, the drug is mostly used in children over 3 years old with high fever. Nimesulide It is a new type of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic drug successfully developed and marketed in Italy in 1985. It is currently available on the market in China, and some hospitals are also using the drug. Although there are reports in the literature comparing Nimesulide with ibuprofen, with the prominent advantage of fewer digestive adverse effects, there are increasing reports of cases of severe liver damage with the use of Nimesulide, which was withdrawn from the market in Spain, Turkey and Ireland in 2002-2005. It is not currently recommended for use by parents in our hospitals either. Aspirin is no longer used clinically as a fever reducer, but only for specific diseases such as Kawasaki disease. This is because since the 1970s, medical doctors have discovered that the disease can cause the development of Reye’s syndrome in children (the main manifestations are liver impairment, jaundice, central nervous system symptoms and kidney damage.) In addition, aspirin causes gastrointestinal irritation, prolonged bleeding time, and allergic reactions. The drug was withdrawn from the U.S. market in 1977 and its use is now banned or restricted in 27 countries. But some small clinics still give it to children, parents should pay attention. At present, antipyretic drugs are mainly tablets, aqueous solutions and suspensions (drops), intravenous and intramuscular injections are rare. The drug is a compound salt of lysine and aspirin, which can be used for intravenous and intramuscular injection, with fast onset of action and good efficacy, and can avoid the stimulation of the gastrointestinal tract by oral aspirin and ibuprofen. The drug has strong antipyretic effect, fast onset of action, moderate and long-lasting effect and few side effects, so it can be used as a common drug to reduce fever in pediatrics. However, long-term application may induce Reye’s syndrome, and some may induce anaphylaxis and severe asthma attacks. Therefore, we generally recommend parents to choose acetaminophen or Merlin two drugs according to the age is enough, note that fever reduction is only symptomatic treatment, must go to the hospital to find the cause of the disease, based on the treatment of the cause of fever reduction drugs, is relatively safe. Usually, doctors recommend fever-reducing drugs only when the child exceeds 38.5 degrees, because fever is a defense response of the body, and proper fever can help the body destroy viruses and bacteria in the body.