Auditory neuroma is a common skull base tumor that originates from the sheath of the auditory nerve, also known as auditory nerve sheath tumor, and occurs mostly in adults aged 30 to 50. It is easy to be ignored and misdiagnosed because of its insidious location, and if treatment is delayed, it may pose a great danger to hearing and surrounding brain nerves. Early symptoms include tinnitus, hearing loss, and vertigo. Early symptoms include tinnitus, hearing loss, and vertigo, which are easily overlooked because of the mild symptoms. Tinnitus can be a cicada or siren sound, and is mostly persistent. Hearing loss is mostly progressive on one side, and one can hear sounds but cannot distinguish the meaning of language, especially it is especially difficult to distinguish the voice on the phone. As the tumor gradually grows, it may compress the surrounding important structures. For example, the tumor may gradually cause lateral nerve palsy, asymmetrical eye fissures on both sides, one large and one small, and crooked corners of the mouth; if the trigeminal nerve is compressed, facial numbness, pain sensation and corneal reflexes are reduced; difficulty in swallowing and choking on water are the manifestations of damage to the posterior group of brain nerves; the tumor may sway when walking, look like drunk, and move awkwardly when tying shoelaces, buttoning or writing. When these symptoms appear, the tumor is usually large and has invaded the cerebellar hemispheres. When the patient has headache, vomiting and other symptoms of increased intracranial pressure, it means that the disease has developed to advanced stage. Early diagnosis is the key because auditory neuroma is a benign tumor, and if surgery is performed before the tumor causes severe hearing damage and facial paralysis, the results are good. For patients with unexplained unilateral tinnitus and progressive hearing loss. Pure tone audiometry often indicates different degrees of sensorineural deafness on the side of the disease, while brainstem auditory evoked potentials show that the amplitude of the V-wave crest on the side of the disease is smaller and the latency period is significantly prolonged or disappeared. CT and MRI can detect auditory neuroma, mainly soft tissue masses in the affected pontocerebellar horn area, damage to the auditory nerve and enlargement of the internal auditory canal. MRI is significantly better than CT for finding smaller auditory neuromas, and MRI-enhanced scans are now recognized as a sensitive and reliable method for early confirmation of small auditory neuromas. Microsurgery is currently the best option for the treatment of auditory neuromas, allowing for the complete removal of the tumor while preserving as much facial and auditory nerve function as possible. Microsurgery is preferred for small auditory neuromas, and gamma knife treatment may also be considered. The goal of the latter treatment is to stop further tumor growth, maintain neurological function and prevent new neurological damage, but there are problems with incomplete treatment and radioactive brain edema, and it is more difficult to preserve facial nerve function after irradiation and then surgery. Auditory neuroma is located in the pontocerebellar horn region of the skull base, with complex and important anatomical relationships, difficult exposure, and difficult surgery. With the development of skull base surgery and the application of intraoperative facial nerve and brainstem auditory evoked potential monitoring techniques, surgical treatment of auditory neuromas has made great progress. These advances are due in large part to Professor Madjid Samii of Hanover, Germany, who has personally performed more than 5,000 surgeries for auditory neuroma with a 99.5% total tumor resection rate and a 97.5% facial nerve function preservation rate, with no perioperative deaths.