Kaposi’s varicella-like rash is a skin disease that occurs when a virus infects the skin based on a pre-existing skin condition (mostly atopic dermatitis or eczema), and the causative virus is mostly herpes simplex virus, but also cowpox virus and coxsackie A16 virus. The disease is usually seen in infants and children under 5 years of age who have eczema. After infection with the virus, after an incubation period of about 5-10 d, symptoms of toxicity such as high fever, general malaise and drowsiness may appear, followed by the sudden occurrence of most dense flat blisters on the basis of the original rash, which rapidly turn into pustules, some of which have umbilical fossa-like depressions at the top. After about 1-2 weeks, the rash gradually dries up and crusts over, leaving pigmentation and superficial scarring and healing, and the systemic symptoms gradually reduce and disappear. Most patients have a good prognosis, but a few may have conjunctivitis, keratitis or corneal ulcers, encephalitis, otitis media, pneumonia, blood in the stool, urinary closure or infantile gangrenous dermatitis, or even life-threatening. The disease should be isolated until it is cured. Patients with eczema, atopic dermatitis, or other inflammatory skin diseases should not receive cowpox while a skin rash is present and avoid contact with patients with herpes simplex. To avoid potential viral infections, parents are advised not to kiss a child with more severe eczema. Parents of babies with eczema who notice unusual blisters (or with fever) should come to the hospital promptly.