Congenital microtia is caused by abnormal development of the first and second gill arches during the embryonic period. The auricle is severely hypoplastic, with no normal auricular markings, and only small malformed cartilage masses and ectopic earlobes are seen in the ear area. About 50% of microtia cases have obvious accompanying deformities, such as hemifacial atrophy, hypoplasia of the upper and lower jaws and zygomatic bones, etc. According to epidemiological data, the incidence of microtia is about 1:2000 in China. In typical microtia patients, the stump of the ear is shaped like a peanut and does not grow open with age. Patients with congenital microtia and patients with traumatic ear defects need to be treated by surgery.