The structure of the female genitalia determines that women are very vulnerable to various germs. Cleaning the pubic area, establishing good hygiene habits and enhancing self-defense are problems that urban women need to solve urgently. Vaginitis is a common and frequent disease in women and can occur in non-pregnancy or during pregnancy. Vaginitis in non-pregnancy only affects the patient, while vaginitis in pregnancy can affect not only the pregnant woman but also the fetus, causing serious consequences such as miscarriage, premature birth, stillbirth, and even neonatal death. Common vaginitis are as follows: 1. Trichomonas vaginalis This is a common vaginitis caused by Trichomonas vaginalis. The main symptoms are vulvar itching and foamy leucorrhea with a fishy odor. However, most of them are asymptomatic and the diagnosis depends mainly on finding trichomonads in the leucorrhoea suspension. Trichomonas vaginalis has no significant adverse effects on fetal growth and development, but in the acute phase, it can sometimes lead to premature birth. The common treatment is oral methotrexate 0,2 three times a day and vaginal plugs of methotrexate once a night. Because of the teratogenic effect of methotrexate on the fetus when taken in early pregnancy, it is not appropriate to take it in early pregnancy, but it can be applied after mid-pregnancy. Trichomonas is transmitted between husband and wife, and the spouse should be checked and treated together if found. Candida vaginitis (mycosis fungoides) is a common vaginitis during pregnancy, caused by Candida albicans infection. The rise in the level of female excitement after pregnancy leads to an increase in the amount of glycogen in the vaginal epithelium, which favors the growth of Candida. In diabetic women, the persistence of positive urine sugar increases the content of vaginal epithelial glycogen and predisposes them to mycosis fungoides. The main symptoms are itchy vulva and white beanbag-like leucorrhea, but most of them are asymptomatic. For fetuses delivered vaginally, neonatal thrush can occur due to infection of the birth canal. Treatment during pregnancy is mostly vaginal with mycoplasma or dacrynic suppositories. Candida vaginitis tends to recur during pregnancy, so it should be treated repeatedly for more than two cycles. Some women use antibacterial agents regardless of their illnesses. Some women are cleanliness freaks and repeatedly douche their vagina and vulva, causing dysbiosis of the normal vaginal flora and causing mycotic vaginitis. 3. Chlamydia vaginitis This is a common sexually transmitted disease with a high incidence. The symptoms of chlamydial vaginitis are not obvious, often manifesting as increased leucorrhea with no other signs and symptoms, and usually invalidated by leucorrhea tests, so it is often not taken seriously by both doctors and patients. Chlamydia culture should be done at the cervix to confirm the diagnosis. However, chlamydial vaginitis is a major cause of premature rupture of membranes, preterm birth, low birth weight babies, amniotic chorioamnionitis and perinatal death, and can also cause neonatal ophthalmia. Treatment is oral erythromycin. Newborns with chlamydial conjunctivitis can take 1% silver nitrate, erythromycin or tetracycline eye solution, eye ointment for topical application. 4. Gonococcal vaginitis This is an inflammation of the vagina caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae and is a common sexually transmitted disease. Common symptoms include purulent vaginal leucorrhea, frequent urination and urinary urgency. When pregnant women have gonorrhea, they often have no obvious symptoms, so it is easy to miss the diagnosis. Neonatal gonorrhea can occur through the gonorrhea-infected birth canal when the newborn is delivered. If the inflammation becomes episodic, premature rupture of membranes, preterm labor, delayed labor, and intrauterine growth retardation may occur, and puerperal infection may occur after delivery. Therefore, it is important for pregnant women to have a smear of vaginal and cervical secretions for early diagnosis and treatment. Pregnant women at risk such as those with urinary discomfort, purulent leucorrhea or husbands with a history of smut should be given more attention. Gonorrhea is sensitive to many antibiotics, such as penicillin and ampicillin. For those who are allergic or resistant to penicillin, spectacularin or vanguardin can be used. Newborns can be given 1% silver nitrate eye drops after birth to prevent gonorrhea conjunctivitis. Newborns who have had gonorrhea can be treated with penicillin. 5. Atrophic vaginitis After menopause, ovarian function gradually decreases, estrogen in the body gradually decreases, the cervical and vaginal epithelium does not get estrogen support, the cells become necrotic and fall off, the vaginal mucosa becomes thinner, the secretion decreases, in severe cases, there is less bleeding or purulent discharge, pain during sexual intercourse, dry and itchy vulva. This is clinically diagnosed as atrophic vaginitis. Most women can improve their symptoms with higher estrogen content, but a few can still have recurrent symptoms. One thing to remind older women is that after menopause, the atrophy of the vaginal epithelium is normal and does not need to be treated. It is not correct to rely on estrogen supplementation to get back the pre-menopausal feeling. The most common types of warts are found on the vulva, vagina, cervix and around the anus. The lesions are localized as papillary growths or as coronary growths, which are grayish or pinkish in color and can often be accompanied by itching. Most scholars believe that infection of the fetus with this virus during the passage through the birth canal can cause pharyngeal warts in newborns. Large warts can cause birth canal damage and hemorrhage during delivery, so active treatment during pregnancy is emphasized. Treatment is mostly physical, such as microwave and carbon dioxide laser. Vaginal delivery is usually performed, except for late pregnancy when the warts are not treated and the disease is so large and widespread that a cesarean section may be considered if vaginal delivery is expected to result in adverse consequences.