The perinatal period is the period before, during, and after delivery. In terms of time, it mainly refers to the period from 28 weeks of pregnancy to 7 days after delivery, and a perinatal baby is a fetus or a newborn during this period of the perinatal period. Perinatal infants have a series of physiological and pathological changes during this period of time, and they experience three very important moments of pregnancy, delivery and childbirth, which are also high-risk moments, such as intrauterine distress and preterm delivery during pregnancy, and asphyxia during delivery, so perinatal health care should be done well, such as regular maternity checkups, reasonable diet and reasonable delivery methods, so that the mother is healthy and the fetus or newborn is well protected and the mortality rate is reduced. The mother’s health, fetal or newborn growth and development should be well protected and the mortality rate should be reduced. During the perinatal period, women go through major physical and psychological changes and need to be taken care of by their families, pay attention to increasing nutrition, increase protein-rich food intake, get more rest, and avoid exposure to radiation and other harmful substances. Breastfeeding is advocated after delivery, and attention is paid to breast cleaning before feeding, so that the mother and child can safely pass through this period and avoid serious complications.