Chemotherapy is one of the main treatments for malignant hematologic diseases, and although we now advocate the use of PICC tubes for drug delivery in such patients as much as possible, there are still most patients who are unwilling to accept PICC placement, which can cause phlebitis to varying degrees due to the repeated and continuous use of chemotherapy drugs from peripheral veins. In mild cases, redness, swelling, pain, hardening of the vein and streaking sensation when touched, and in severe cases, necrosis of the tissue at the puncture site or inaccessibility of the vein and gradual muscularization, which also greatly increases the difficulty for the nurse to puncture again, and even makes chemotherapy unsuccessful and affects the recovery of the disease. Therefore, the prevention of phlebitis caused by chemotherapy drug extravasation has become an important task of clinical nursing work. First of all, we have to prevent its occurrence: First, strictly implement aseptic technique, carefully do one person one needle one tube, strictly sterilize the skin before puncture to prevent infection. Second, choose the vein reasonably, in principle, choose a good elasticity, thick and straight blood vessel, to the distal end first and then to the proximal end, and avoid using the lower limb vein. Nurses should continuously improve the level of puncture and avoid repeated punctures. The infusion process should be diligently inspected and observed, and extravasation is found to stop the injection immediately, pump back the extravasated drug with a syringe, and close it with 0.5% procaine locally, then apply ice. Third, make a good education and advocate deep vein placement. Secondly, we have many ways to treat the patients who have phlebitis, such as commonly used Xizhetuo or moist burn cream external rubbing, also before and after chemotherapy external fresh aloe vera, can reduce the occurrence of phlebitis and reduce the degree of phlebitis, also can use our hospital preparation: Ru Yi Jin Huang cream external application, can reduce local pain, moxibustion plus fresh ginger tablets can also be widely used. It is in this way that we constantly sum up our experience in our work and use the combination of Chinese and Western medicine to seek safer and more effective preventive measures to alleviate the pain for the majority of patients with malignant hematological diseases and malignant tumors, and this is the direction we constantly strive for.