Everyone must have used eye drops and eye ointments, which may seem like a common and simple thing, but there is a lot to learn in order to use them well. Eye diseases in the external eye mainly through the local spot eye drops, eye ointment route to treatment. Eye drops, eye ointment directly on the diseased area, easy to achieve the concentration of drugs to play a more direct role, the effect is more reliable, as long as the proper use, can greatly shorten the course of the disease. How to be considered the correct use? 1, first of all, check the name of the right medicine, can not be wrong to order the drug, especially the pupil dilating drugs and pupil reducing drugs are opposite, used to treat different eye diseases, if you mistakenly order the pupil dilating drugs, some will cause acute attacks of glaucoma, vision will cause serious damage. Then check whether the eye drops are clear and discolored, the majority of eye drops are colorless and transparent, but there are also colored eye drops, such as: rifampin eye drops are red, cataract eye drops are yellowish, cortisone or prednisolone eye drops contain white tiny particles. If you find that the eye drops are discolored, mixed, flocculent or other foul substances inside, it means that the drops have deteriorated or have been contaminated, and should be discarded immediately. Usually eye drops opened a month later it is best not to continue to use. 2, the head should be tilted up, with one hand of the index finger down to pull the lower eyelid, the other hand holding the bottle, the bottle mouth down, against the lower fornix turned, with the index finger and thumb squeeze pinch the bottle, so that the eye drops down, and then immediately pull the lower eyelid upward with the thumb and index finger, the eyes gently closed, so that the eye drops diffuse to the entire surface of the eye, and stay in the conjunctival sac for a while. This can be followed by pressing the root of the nose at the inner corner of the eye with the index finger and closing the eye for 3 to 5 minutes. The purpose of the pressure is because at the root of the nose at the inner corner of the eye is the location of the tear sac, through which the eye is connected to the nasal cavity, nasal cavity and oral cavity, pressing the tear sac ensures that the eye drops stay in the conjunctival sac for a certain period of time so that they are fully absorbed into the eye surface to play a role, otherwise the eye drops flow through the tear sac to the nasal cavity and oral cavity and are absorbed by the mucous membranes of the nasal cavity and oral cavity, which affects both the concentration of the drug in the eye and some drugs are absorbed by the mucous membranes to cause The reaction of the whole body. For example, after chloramphenicol eye drops, some people feel bitter in the mouth, because the tear sac is not compressed, the drug entered the mouth, so that people feel the bitter taste of the drug. Another example is that after ordering atropine eye drops, if the tear sac is not well pressed, the drug can be absorbed through the nasal mucosa to show other effects of atropine: flushing of the face, dry mouth, panic, no sweating, accelerated pulse, and even increased body temperature. The eyes are closed for a few minutes in order to allow sufficient time for the drug dropped into the eye to remain in the conjunctival sac and absorb or penetrate into the eye. The method of using eye ointment is the same as above, but without compressing the tear sac. 3, the mouth of the bottle should not touch the eye to avoid contamination of the medicine bottle. 1 drop of medicine per dose is enough because the capacity of the conjunctival sac of our eyes is only 0.02ml, and if we dose more, it will only spill out of the eye and cause waste. 4. It is usually recommended to order eye drops during the day and apply eye ointment at night. Applying eye ointment during the day will form a film on the cornea, affecting vision, while applying eye ointment at night does not have this disadvantage, and less eye activity is conducive to the absorption of eye ointment, so it is best to apply eye ointment before bedtime. However, some patients with corneal ulcers have to apply eye ointment during the day in order to protect the ulcer surface and reduce friction and pain. 5, drugs should be used under the guidance of a doctor targeted, do not use at your own discretion. There are some drugs that cannot be used for a long time. For example, antibiotic eye drops are designed to inhibit or kill pathogenic bacteria in the eye, eliminate inflammation, once the purpose is achieved, a short period of time to maintain the medication to consolidate the efficacy can be, without long-term drops, otherwise there will be drug side effects, resistance. For example, long-term chloramphenicol eye drops can inhibit the bone marrow, resulting in impaired leukocyte production. 6, the conjunctival sac are a certain amount of bacteria, most are not pathogenic, but also pathogenic bacteria, these bacteria do not constitute a threat to the eye. At the same time the eyes are in contact with the atmosphere at all times except for sleep, and although there are various microorganisms in the atmosphere, as long as the corneal epithelium and conjunctival epithelium are intact, they do not cause eye inflammation. Only when the conjunctival epithelium, corneal epithelium is damaged or the conjunctival sac is infected with a large number of pathogenic bacteria, virulent or the body’s own resistance to decline, it is easy to cause inflammation, in this case must be treated with antibiotic eye drops or eye ointment. 7, hormonal eye drops are commonly used in ophthalmology to treat some specific eye diseases. Once the condition improves, the drug should be discontinued, do not continue to use long-term drops. Because long-term use of drugs can produce some serious side effects and complications. Hormone is one of the immunosuppressants, and long-term medication can easily lead to the infection and development of corneal bacteria, viruses, and fungi in the eye, and even ulcers and perforations in the corneal tissue, leaving scarring affecting vision in mild lesions and endangering the inner part of the eye in severe cases. In people with genetic quality of glaucoma, the use of hormones, especially highly concentrated eye drops, will cause an increase in intraocular pressure after 1 ~ 4 weeks, which will contribute to the occurrence and development of glaucoma. Hormones also inhibit the repair process of tissues, so that the healing of wounds in the eye after trauma or surgery is affected. Regardless of the type of eye drops and ointments, they should be used appropriately under the guidance of a doctor so that the eye disease can be cured as soon as possible without causing unnecessary side effects.