Overactive bladder disorder is a syndrome that can appear in many diseases, as long as such a group of diseases characterized by urinary urgency, accompanied by frequent urination, increased nocturia or urinary incontinence, are called overactive bladder disorder. The most central symptom is urinary urgency. According to statistics, the incidence of this disease is very high, with a close ratio of men to women, about 16%, even higher than diabetes, and with the gradual improvement of people’s requirements for quality of life, it has received more and more attention from the medical community in recent years.
What are the conditions in which overactive bladder disorders can occur? One group is those with a clear etiology, and the other group is those without a clear etiology.
Those with a clear cause: for example, prostate enlargement, prostatitis, bladder stones, and neurological disorders such as spinal cord injury or diabetes with peripheral neuropathy can cause overactive bladder syndrome.
There is no clear cause: most of them are caused by the decline of estrogen in women after menopause. Because estrogen has a stabilizing effect on the bladder, bladder activity becomes hyperactive when estrogen decreases.
Treatment options for overactive bladder What is the treatment for having overactive bladder? In addition to treating the original disease, there are now national guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of OAB, which can be approached in three ways: 1. Behavioral therapy: If you have overactive bladder, you should learn how to hold your urine, called “bladder training”, to consciously expand the capacity of the bladder and strengthen the ability to store urine.
2, drug treatment: the mechanism of treatment of this disease, has been very clear, there are some old drugs for the mechanism of treatment. The human bladder has a choline receptor tissue, referred to as “M receptors”, the nerve will transmit a chemical “acetylcholine” to the bladder, the “M receptors” in the bladder will The “M receptors” in the bladder receive acetylcholine, which then induces muscle contraction and produces the urge to urinate. Therefore, as long as the M receptors do not receive acetylcholine, the symptoms of urinary urgency can be improved, so there are M receptor blockers. However, “M receptors” do not only exist in the bladder, but also in other organs. Once bladder contraction is blocked, other biological effects (not necessarily muscle contraction) will also be blocked, such as the ability of salivary glands to secrete saliva will also be blocked, resulting in severe dry mouth; there are also side effects such as constipation and increased eye pressure. Therefore, people used to feel very uncomfortable after using M receptor blockers and could not tolerate them.
Now, there is a breakthrough in neurophysiology, and it is recognized that there are subtypes of M receptors, mainly M3 in the bladder and other subtypes in other organs, so M3 can be selectively blocked, and there is a highly blocking M receptor blocker, which blocks the contraction of bladder muscles without affecting the physiological functions of other organs. Currently there is a new drug, chemically named “Solifenacin”, which is a “receptor selective” + “organ selective” drug, the treatment is more effective than before and has fewer side effects It is the only drug that can be used flexibly. It is the only drug that can be used in flexible doses, starting with 1 capsule a day, and if the effect is not too good, it can be increased to 2 capsules, and if the treatment is very effective and improves significantly after a period of treatment, it can be returned to 1 capsule to maintain the dose.
The second drug is a revolutionary product of the old drug, this drug can maintain the stability of blood concentration, blood concentration continues to be constant, neither rising nor falling, maintain a day, so only one capsule a day, the resulting therapeutic effect is good side effects are also relatively small.
3, physical therapy: nerve electrical stimulation treatment to assist improve the contraction of the muscles in the bladder.