Vitrectomy, often abbreviated by doctors as biosurgery, is the collective name for a large group of fundus (retinal) surgeries and is the main surgical procedure for fundus diseases. It is commonly used for the treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy, vitreous hemorrhage, retinal detachment, macular degeneration (macular anterior membrane, macular fissure, etc.), ocular trauma, endophthalmitis, etc. How is the biosurgery done? The biosurgery is a minimally invasive procedure in which three incisions of less than 1 mm in diameter (currently incisions can be 0.5 mm or even smaller) are first made in the sclera (commonly known as the white eye) about 3-4 mm from the corneal limbus (commonly known as the black eye), and surgical instruments are entered to operate in the vitreous cavity to remove the vitreous, and if there is blood accumulation in the vitreous, it can be removed at the same time. In most biosurgery procedures, removal of the vitreous is only the beginning step of the biosurgery procedure, i.e., it provides access for the surgical instruments to reach the retina for surgery. The surgeon will then perform a deeper procedure depending on the patient’s retinal pathology, such as retinal repositioning in patients with retinal detachment, peeling in patients with vitreoretinal proliferative membranes, and peeling in patients with anterior macular membrane and macular fissures, most of whom require a combination of intraocular lasers. After these steps, intraocular gas or silicone oil filling may also be required depending on the condition. The procedure is usually performed under local anesthesia, with some patients and pediatric patients requiring general anesthesia. How does biosurgery work? The results of biosurgery vary depending on the condition. The retina is a delicate nerve tissue, and the function of the retina is mostly affected by the lesion, so the recovery of vision after biosurgery is mostly limited. The purpose of the surgery is to prevent further deterioration of the condition, save the existing visual function and avoid complete blindness. Some patients have some improvement in vision after biosurgery. What is the cost of biosurgery? The cost of biosurgery also varies depending on the specific steps of the procedure, such as the need for membrane peeling, laser, silicone oil or gas filling during the procedure. In general, in most hospitals in China, the cost of biosurgery is about 10,000. If combined with cataract surgery, the cost is a little more. How long is the recovery period for biosurgery? The recovery time varies from condition to condition. Patients with complex conditions may need to have two or more separate procedures. Patients with vitreous cavity filled with silicone oil will need to have another surgery to remove the silicone oil. Some patients with cataract progression after surgery may require cataract surgery. What do I need to take care of after my vitrectomy? It is very important to order medication as prescribed by the doctor after surgery. Your doctor will adjust the medication for you according to your specific condition. Patients who are filled with gas or silicone oil need to maintain a certain position after surgery, mostly in a head-down position, i.e. keeping the head parallel to the ground, which is more difficult for patients, but this position is the key to ensure the success of your surgery. Be sure to maintain a good position as required by the surgeon. For gas-filled patients, make sure not to climb mountains, fly in airplanes or go to places with high sea level until the gas is absorbed, because the gas can expand due to the low air pressure in the high sea level or airplane cabin, which can lead to high intraocular pressure and secondary glaucoma. Depending on your condition, the incision may be made with or without sutures. Most of the sutures used in biosurgery are absorbable sutures and do not need to be removed. It is very important to review regularly after surgery as prescribed by your doctor