At present, many patients demand surgical treatment as soon as they are diagnosed with gastrointestinal cancer, and some clinicians also hold this incorrect concept. In fact, surgery nowadays is not significantly different from 30 years ago. Why cancer was considered incurable when it was mentioned in the past, but many gastrointestinal cancers can be cured nowadays? There are many reasons for this, one is that more early stage cancers are found nowadays because people attach importance to asymptomatic physical examination and advanced examination instruments, the second is that chemotherapy, radiotherapy and biological therapy have advanced, and the third is that the concept of treatment has changed, among which new adjuvant chemotherapy plays an important role. The so-called new adjuvant chemotherapy means to do 1-2 courses of chemotherapy before surgery and then surgery. In fact, surgery to cut a tumor is like smashing a ghost bunker, the bunker can be smashed even if it is big, and experienced surgeons are not afraid of how big the lump is. The reason why cancer is difficult to cure is that cancer cells will run everywhere, just like the ghosts in the bunker, if they run outside the bunker, the ghosts will build new bunkers in other places after smashing the bunker, which means that new recurrent metastases will be formed after the cancer is removed. This is the fundamental reason why cancer cannot be cured. There are advantages of not rushing to surgery when cancer is found, because once a patient is diagnosed with cancer, it is a huge blow emotionally and psychologically at the lowest point of life, which causes disorder of immune function and cancer cells are easy to run; secondly, surgery immediately, to fast, anesthesia and open surgery is also a physical blow, and when physical function is also at the lowest point, it is easy to cause metastasis of cancer cells. What’s more, there is no definite conclusion whether surgical extrusion will cause cancer cell metastasis or not. Therefore, if chemotherapy is done before surgery, the cancer cells near the lump will disappear and the cancer cells that cannot be killed will be knocked down, and then surgery will be done afterwards, so that the cancer cells will not run around in a messy way, and it will be easy to remove the cancer cells in one pot and metastasis will not occur easily after surgery, thus achieving the goal of curing the tumor completely. Determining the treatment plan and strategy should of course be done under the guidance of an experienced doctor. Case: Wang XX, male, 56 years old, colon cancer was found 7 years ago by colonoscopy due to blood in stool, and then surgical resection was performed after preoperative chemotherapy, during which the tumor was successfully removed. After 5 courses of postoperative chemotherapy, together with immunomodulation of Chinese medicine, the patient was completely cured and recovered till now. The patient was found to have a huge ulcerated mass in the sigmoid colon by colonoscopy Case: Li, 44 years old, was found to have a gastric ulcer by gastroscopy in 2003 due to epigastric pain, and the pathological biopsy suggested that it was gastric cancer, and the patient underwent surgical resection after chemotherapy. Gastric ulcer was found by gastroscopy, and the pathological biopsy was gastric cancer Point: Pre-operative chemotherapy firstly controls the cancer cells so that the cancer cells do not spread and metastasize when the patient’s resistance is extremely low at the time of surgery, and kills the cancer cells around the mass so that the adherent mass can be easily and completely removed during surgery, and most of the tumors can be completely cured with post-operative comprehensive treatment.