Solitary or smaller pulmonary blisters are usually asymptomatic and patients are often found on chest x-ray and chest CT during a physical examination. Because there are no symptoms, this disease is often overlooked. A common complication of pulmonary maculoplasm is spontaneous pneumothorax. During sudden exertion, such as violent coughing, heavy lifting or sports, the pressure in the lung suddenly increases and the pulmonary blister ruptures, and gas enters the pleural cavity through the breach in the blister, producing a spontaneous pneumothorax. The lung tissue on the affected side atrophies rapidly, and the patient develops chest pain, shortness of breath and dyspnea. If the rupture of the pulmonary blister forms a live valve, the gas can only enter the pleural cavity continuously without returning to the lung tissue through the rupture, and the pressure in the pleural cavity becomes higher and higher, forming a tension pneumothorax. In tension pneumothorax, the lung tissue on the affected side is completely atrophied, the mediastinum is pushed to the healthy side, the large blood vessels are distorted, and the venous blood return is impaired, causing severe respiratory and circulatory dysfunction, and the patient suffers from respiratory distress, decreased blood pressure and even shock. If the pneumothorax lung atrophy, the adhesions between the pulmonary blister and the surrounding lung tissue and the chest wall are torn, causing the rupture of blood vessels in the adhesion zone, it forms spontaneous hemopneumothorax. And once tension pneumothorax, hemopneumothorax or even tension hemopneumothorax occurs, the patient’s condition is often more critical and even at risk of death. We once encountered a patient with a ruptured pulmonary blister forming a tension hemopneumothorax, and the patient had already gone into shock when he arrived at the emergency room. The patient was in shock by the time he arrived at the emergency room, and it took immediate closed chest drainage and aggressive resuscitation to get the patient out of danger. If the patient had arrived at the hospital a minute or two later, resuscitation may not have been possible. Some patients have also developed spontaneous tension pneumothorax and died before they could reach the hospital. Therefore, although pneumothorax is often asymptomatic and long neglected, once it ruptures, the condition immediately becomes urgent and even dangerous. With the development of modern medicine, especially the use of televised thoracoscopy, pulmonary herpes resection surgery has the advantage of very small incisions, very low risk, and very definite results. It is indeed a very “wrong” thing to end the life of a patient who has been found to have a ruptured pneumothorax due to the lack of active treatment. Therefore, more and more patients who have been diagnosed with pulmonary herpes will undergo aggressive surgical treatment in order to avoid the serious consequences of pulmonary herpes rupture.