① Be careful when moving out of the operating room so that the chest tube does not fall off and cause unnecessary trouble. When entering the ward before the patient wakes up from anesthesia, pay attention to observe the patient’s vital signs and ask the patient patiently about his physical condition and whether he has any adverse reactions after he wakes up. ②As anesthesia was administered during surgery, patients will feel some pain after waking up after surgery and are prone to depression, irritability and other adverse emotions. We should strengthen our care for patients, try to meet their requirements, instruct them to perform the necessary abdominal breathing to reduce the pain of incision, and adjust the position of patients’ drains appropriately according to their body differences to reduce pain ③Patients’ vital signs will also change after surgery, so The changes of the patient’s body should be closely monitored and their vital signs should be tested after the operation. The changes of blood pressure, pulse, ECG, respiratory muscles and oxygen saturation should be closely observed, and the doctor on duty should be notified promptly for any abnormalities. ④Get a full understanding of the patient’s condition so that they can help the patient eliminate tension, depression and other negative emotions, and be able to cooperate with the nursing measures to help the patient recover as soon as possible. Remind the family to pay attention to the patient’s diet, to eat more liquid food first after surgery according to the physical condition, and then slowly increase some easily digestible and absorbable meals, pay attention to the diet, ensure balanced nutrition, eat more fruits and vegetables, drink more water, and ensure smooth bowel movements. In addition, the family should be instructed to pay more attention to the patient’s physical changes and to review immediately if there are any adverse reactions. ⑤ Pay attention to keeping the ward neat and quiet, pay attention to keeping the patient warm in the ward, open the windows regularly to keep the air circulating, and disinfect regularly to create a clean and comfortable environment for the patient, so that the patient can be happy and thus recover quickly. Since the respiratory function of patients will be affected accordingly after surgical treatment and secretions will easily gather in the lungs, patients should be instructed to regularly buckle their backs and take deep breaths so as to facilitate sputum discharge and restore lung function, and patients should be instructed to lie on their sides as much as possible in the hospital bed to facilitate smooth breathing. (6) There will be a drainage tube in the chest cavity after surgery, fix the length of the drainage tube properly, squeeze it regularly so that the mouth of the tube will not be blocked by blood clots, etc., and keep it unobstructed. We should closely observe the changes in color, quality, drainage flow and water column of the drainage fluid in the drainage bottle and record the amount of chest fluid accurately, and report promptly if abnormalities are found. (7) Closely observe the changes in the patient’s condition, and for patients with complications, take timely and effective care measures and listen to the patient’s bilateral lung breath sounds. ⑧ Pay attention to rest after discharge, do not do heavy physical activities in the near future after surgery, ensure adequate nutrition, moderate exercise to enhance lung function, go to public places as little as possible to avoid respiratory tract infection, and return to the hospital for review in a timely manner if there is discomfort.