Intracranial infection is one of the complications of cranial trauma. Foreign bodies are present in the skull, including cap pieces, hair, skin, skull fragments, gunshot or shrapnel, other injury-causing murder weapons, etc. This kind of trauma is easily complicated by intracranial infection, intracranial hematoma, acute cerebral bulge, increased intracranial pressure, acute cerebral edema and late onset epilepsy, etc., which can easily lead to the death of the injured person. Then how to prevent and treat intracranial infection? 1, first aid (1) comatose patients should first keep the respiratory tract open; (2) with dilated pupils or respiratory insufficiency, should be first resuscitated in place, and transferred to a hospital with neurosurgery as soon as possible after stabilization; (3) hemostasis and anti-shock; (4) wound with sterile dressings, brain expansion should be properly protected; (5) trauma-causing materials left in the wound, no craniotomy conditions, should not be rashly pulled out. The principle is early (not more than 72h after injury, 6h is the best), once (a phase of suture) thoroughly (hematoma, foreign body removal and hemostasis is complete) to clear the wound, after the wound is open, brain pulsation and dura can perform tension-free suture. (1) The scalp wound should be cleared by removing inactivated tissues, repairing the wound edges, removing all foreign bodies, and making S-shaped or arc-shaped incisions to enlarge the wound as needed. (2) Remove skull fragments, expand the occluded skull, and form a bone window or keep the large bone fragments as bone flaps according to the need of intracranial surgery. (3) Trim the dura mater and cut and enlarge it to reveal the wound channel. (4) Remove intracerebral foreign bodies, fragmented brain tissue, blood clots, and broken bone fragments, and stop bleeding thoroughly. (5) After thorough debridement, if the brain tissue is collapsed, the brain pulses well and the brain pressure is not high, the dura should be repaired and sutured in one phase. (6) If the cerebral contusion is severe with cerebral edema, poor brain pulsation and high intracranial pressure, the dura mater may not be sutured and the bone window may be enlarged or the bone flap may be decompressed. (7) If the scalp tension is too large, the incision can be extended, subfascial free, and the scalp wound can be closed by reducing the tension on both sides or transferring the flap.