More than half of the patients with dizziness and vertigo have otogenic causes, the most common of which are as follows: otoliths, or benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, are brief paroxysmal episodes of vertigo and nystagmus that occur when the head moves to a specific head position, mostly manifested as transient vertigo when getting up, lying down, turning over or lowering or tilting the head, with some severe patients experiencing nausea and vomiting. Vestibular migraine, a common contributor to paroxysmal vertigo, has significant vertigo and instability during migraine attacks, with symptoms lasting from a few minutes to several days, mostly without hearing manifestations, but without objective evidence of vestibular pathology during the interictal period, and its diagnosis is exclusive. Meniere’s disease, an idiopathic inner ear disorder, once called Meniere’s disease or Meniere’s syndrome, whose main pathological change is the accumulation of fluid in the membranous vestibule. The clinical manifestations are recurrent episodes of rotational vertigo, fluctuating hearing loss, tinnitus and a feeling of stuffiness in the ear, with vertigo lasting from twenty minutes to several hours, and most patients have nausea and vomiting during the episodes. Vestibular neuritis (vestibular neuronitis), a sudden vertigo disorder caused by the involvement of vestibular neurons, some patients have a history of upper respiratory viral infection. Vertigo with spontaneous nystagmus is its main clinical manifestation. In severe cases, it may be accompanied by nausea and vomiting, but no tinnitus or deafness; vertigo often resolves gradually within a few days, and usually recovers completely within 2 weeks mostly; a few patients may have short-term residual dizziness, lightheadedness and unsteadiness of varying degrees, lasting for days or months, with symptoms worsening during activity. The diagnosis can be confirmed by vestibular function tests combined with other tests.