Myopia in one eye and normal in the other is a medical condition called “refractive error,” which means that the refractive state of the two eyes is not the same. Generally speaking, there is a mild difference between the refractive states of the two eyes, and it is rare to see complete agreement. There are various types of refractive aberrations, which can manifest as differences in refractive properties between the two eyes (e.g., one eye is nearsighted and the other is farsighted) or differences in refractive power between the two eyes (e.g., both eyes are nearsighted but have different diopters). Refractive aberrations can lead to unequal clarity and size of the image on the retina of both eyes, resulting in visual impairment. Refractive aberrations can impair monocular function in both eyes and lead to monocular amblyopia and exotropia. To prevent refractive aberration, we should start from daily life, pay attention to not to look at objects near the head, place the object in front of both eyes, and hold the pencil in the correct posture. It can be treated by the following methods: 1, wearing frame glasses: is the simplest way to treat refractive aberration, especially for children, have greater adaptability and plasticity, can better accept the frame glasses. 2, masking therapy and drug therapy: refractive amblyopia is not only wearing glasses to correct, there are also masking therapy, atropine suppression therapy, etc. 3, corneal contact lenses that contact lenses: correction of refractive parallax of medium to high degree of good results. 4, refractive surgery: excimer laser and femtosecond laser myopia correction, etc. Therefore, one eye myopia and one eye normal, in addition to correcting bad eye use, can be corrected by wearing glasses, masking therapy, drugs and laser surgery.