Inflammation of the female genital tract is a collective term that is divided into vulvitis, vaginitis, cervicitis, and pelvic inflammatory disease, depending on the site of inflammation. Vaginitis is usually combined with vulvovaginitis. Vaginitis is divided into mycosis fungoides, bacterial vaginitis, and trichomoniasis according to symptoms, nature of discharge, and laboratory findings. Mycosis vaginalis is characterized by intense vulvar itching, white bean curd-like discharge on gynecological examination and adhesion to the vaginal wall, and in severe cases, vulvar redness and swelling. Treatment is mainly local antifungal. Trichomonas vaginitis is associated with mild itching and purulent frothy leucorrhea, and trichomonas can be seen on routine leucorrhea examination. The treatment is conjugal. Treatment with metronidazole is required. Bacterial vaginitis can be seen as a white, thin discharge with severe odor. Treatment is based on sterilization. Cervicitis often does not have typical clinical manifestations, and patients sometimes have only a slight abdominal cramping or yellowish leucorrhea. Women must go to the hospital regularly for cervical examinations to rule out cervical disease. Pelvic inflammatory disease refers to inflammation of the pelvic genital canal and its surrounding tissues. In acute pelvic inflammatory disease, the pain is severe, sometimes accompanied by fever, and in severe cases, pelvic abscesses can form. Chronic pelvic inflammatory disease is characterized by pain in the lower back and abdomen, with or without changes in vaginal discharge. Treatment is mostly symptomatic and supportive, such as anti-infection. In conclusion, patients with gynecological inflammation need to go to the hospital in time for treatment and should not take it lightly or use private medication.