The malignant degree of poorly differentiated small cell lung cancer is relatively high, and its surgical risk is high, mainly in the following aspects: 1. Anesthesia risk: the common surgical risk of poorly differentiated small cell lung cancer is the difficulty of intubation in the process of anesthesia, which may affect the normal supply of oxygen to the patient’s body, and respiratory and cardiac arrests may occur in the process of surgery. 2. Bleeding: There are many blood vessels in the lungs, and in the process of resection of poorly differentiated small cell lung cancer, the blood vessels may be damaged accidentally, which will increase the chances of hemorrhage and hemopneumothorax after surgery. 3. Nerve injury: the laryngeal nerve is in a special position and has many variations, which is easy to be encountered when lymph nodes need to be cleared in lung cancer surgery. 4. Unable to remove the tumor: although the general condition of small cell lung cancer can be determined through CT or MRI images, unexpected situations may occur during surgery, for example, the infiltration degree of cancer cells is more serious than expected, or the cancer cells have already spread to other parts of the body, which may lead to inoperable. Low-differentiated small cell carcinoma must be well examined, and professional doctors need to have a full understanding of the patient’s condition before determining whether surgery can be performed.