The choice between horizontal and vertical incision for cesarean section has advantages and disadvantages in terms of the aesthetics of the scar, postoperative recovery, and operative time. If a vertical incision is chosen, the incision is longer and the fetus is removed faster, so the operative time is shorter, while the possibility of adhesions in the abdominal wall tissue is lower and safety is high. However, its main disadvantages include a slower, longer and more painful postoperative recovery and a tendency to lead to fat liquefaction, as well as a long, highly positioned incision with significant scarring and poor aesthetics. The advantages of the transverse incision, which is the more commonly used incision at present, include a lower scar position, which is less likely to be exposed when wearing clothes and is more aesthetically pleasing, while the recovery of the incision is relatively fast in the transverse incision and the pain caused by pulling the incision during the wound recovery is relatively less. However, its main disadvantage is that it is more damaging, more complicated to operate and not suitable for emergency women, while the transverse incision is likely to lead to pelvic and abdominal adhesions and longer operation time. It is recommended that pregnant women who have already undergone a longitudinal cesarean section choose to continue with the vertical incision when having a second cesarean section.