The so-called hysteroscope is a thin optical tube that is placed into the uterine cavity and allows us to see directly inside the uterine cavity, which simply means that we are given a pair of eyes to see what would otherwise be invisible. Therefore, lesions that occur in the uterine cavity can be diagnosed and treated with a hysteroscope. The most common indications are abnormal echogenicity in the uterine cavity suggested by imaging, abnormal uterine bleeding, morphological examination of the uterus in infertility and unblocking of the proximal tubal obstruction and removal of difficult birth control devices. Because of its minimally invasive, intuitive, simple and less painful operation it is increasingly used for the diagnosis and treatment of gynecological diseases. There are no absolute contraindications to hysteroscopy, but the best time for examination is within 3-7 days after menstruation, avoiding periods of heavy bleeding and acute infection. After a clear diagnosis, hysteroscopy has become the standard treatment for intrauterine diseases, such as fibroids that protrude into the uterine cavity, longitudinal cavity and uterine adhesions, which can be treated in a minimally invasive way. The hysteroscopic surgery is known as a real minimally invasive surgery, which gives doctors the most sense of accomplishment, because it can be done through the natural cavity, but it solves many diseases that used to require open abdominal treatment. Caring for women, caring for the uterus, and not losing the function of organs due to benign diseases is the direction of the development of surgery in the 21st century and the highest level of surgery.