Definition: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) : COPD is chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema characterized by airflow obstruction.COPD is a chronic disease that should be treated properly by family members and patients and adhered to rehabilitation therapy. The key is to actively prevent and treat the disease and slow down its progression. 1. General guidance: 1.1 Remove the causes and triggers: avoid various pathogenic factors, especially smoking, environmental pollution, colds, etc. Avoid inhalation of dust and irritating gases; pay attention to keeping warm, change poor lifestyle, and improve living environment if possible. Zeng Hanhua, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Meizhou People’s Hospital 1.2 Smoking cessation Smoking (including active and passive smoking) is a major risk factor for COPD, and smoking cessation is the most effective and cost-effective independent intervention to reduce the occurrence and impede the development of COPD. Comprehensive tobacco control policies and programs include:public education, mass media campaigns, preventing young people from accessing tobacco, school-based smoking prevention curricula, creating smoke-free environments, and providing smoking cessation skills for health professionals. 1.3 Promote effective sputum production during acute exacerbations of COPD due to infection. Patients are often ineffective in clearing their airways due to weakness and coughing, and sputum congestion is a risk factor for exacerbating infection and respiratory distress. Therefore, it is essential to instruct patients to cough effectively, increase water intake, and instruct and assist family members to perform proper chest tapping and postural drainage. 1.4 Respiratory muscle exercise: ① Abdominal breathing method: a) position: take the standing, sitting or lying position, for the first time, half 1. lying position is easy to master , two knees are half flexed when half lying. b) method: the two hands are placed on the front chest and upper abdomen, with the nose slowly inhale, abdominal relaxation abdominal hand feeling up chest hand in the original position does not move, inhibit thoracic movement; exhale, abdominal contraction (abdominal hand feeling down). ② shrinking lip exhalation method: when exhaling, the abdomen sinks, the chest leans forward, the mouth narrows (whistle-like), and exhale as much air as possible. Inhale and exhale time ratio of 1:2 or 1:3, try to inhale deeply and exhale slowly, 7 to 8 times per minute, 10 to 20 minutes per exercise, do it twice a day. Exercise twice a day. 1.5 Home oxygen therapy: Adhere to long-term home oxygen therapy can significantly improve the quality of life and labor ability and prolong life. Oxygen intake for 10-15 hours a day, oxygen flow rate of 2 liters M min (oxygen concentration 29%). Note that the oxygen supply device should be strictly prohibited around the smoke and fire to prevent oxygen combustion and explosion; catheter can be replaced daily to prevent blockage; oxygen therapy device should be replaced, cleaned and disinfected regularly. If possible, it is better to purchase an oxygen machine 2, dietary guidance high calorie, high protein, high vitamin, light, easy to digest diet; carbon dioxide retention patients appropriate control of sugar intake, so as not to aggravate the disease; eat less and more meals, avoid greasy, spicy and easy to produce gas food (such as soft drinks, beer, beans, potatoes, etc.), so as not to abdominal fullness, affecting breathing. If you are constipated, you should eat more fiber-rich vegetables and fruits to keep your bowels open and avoid straining to defecate. Patients with normal heart, liver and kidney function should drink more than 1500ml of water daily. 3, medication guidance The rational use of antibiotics: the application of antibiotics is the main measure for the treatment of acute exacerbation of COPD, when patients with increased dyspnea, cough with increased sputum and purulent sputum, should be based on the type of common pathogens and drugs in the patient’s location