Acute pancreatitis is a common clinical emergency of the digestive system, which is an acute chemical inflammation of the pancreatic tissue for its own digestion caused by the activation of pancreatic enzymes in the pancreas. It is mostly caused by biliary tract diseases such as gallstones, roundworms, biliary tract infections and other biliary tract diseases that lead to obstruction of bile-pancreatic juice drainage, resulting in increased bile-pancreatic juice reflux due to increased pressure in the pancreatic duct. Heavy alcohol consumption, overeating and uncontrolled diet are often the triggers for its acute onset. The incidence of acute pancreatitis may be higher in patients with a history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia or hyperglycemia. The patient, male, 42 years old, was admitted to the hospital with acute abdominal pain and abdominal distension for 3 hours as the main cause. He was diagnosed with “acute pancreatitis” after being actively examined upon admission and found that the blood and urine amylase was significantly higher than normal, and the abdominal ultrasound and CT examination showed a significantly enlarged and edematous pancreas with unclear peripheral borders. He was diagnosed as “acute pancreatitis”. He was immediately given active treatment, but his condition did not improve, but continued to deteriorate, which then affected his heart, lung, kidney and brain functions. The patient had been dining with friends before the onset of the disease, drinking a lot of alcohol and eating a lot during the meal. He had hypertension and hyperlipidemia in the past. The common triggers of acute pancreatitis Biliary diseases and alcohol consumption are two common triggers of acute pancreatitis, and taking certain drugs can also trigger pancreatitis. Hyperlipidemia, hypertension, hypercalcemia, and even some people with special physiological anatomical location of the pancreas are also susceptible. Patients with biliary diseases such as chronic cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, biliary ascariasis, biliary tract infection, etc. can cause pancreatic duct obstruction, damage to the pancreatic mucosal barrier, pancreatic fluid overflow, pancreatic tissue self-digestion, resulting in acute biliary pancreatitis, therefore, patients with biliary diseases are a good candidate for pancreatitis. If these patients overindulge in some high-fat, high-protein foods, it may trigger biliary pancreatitis. The binge drinking and alcohol consumption can lead to the secretion of large amounts of pancreatic juice and increased pressure in the pancreatic duct, including violent vomiting, which can also cause a sudden rise in pressure in the digestive tract, leading to the occurrence of acute pancreatitis. In addition, for some long-term alcoholics, due to the stimulation of alcohol, the protein content in the pancreatic fluid increases and easily precipitates and forms protein plugs, which can lead to poor secretion and excretion of pancreatic fluid and sudden onset of acute pancreatitis. Clinically, many patients with acute pancreatitis experience overeating or high-fat diets, which are important triggering factors for the disease. Those who take certain drugs, such as diuretics, can cause hypokalemia, pancreatic cell dysfunction, poor blood circulation in the pancreas, viscous and allergic secretion in the pancreatic duct, which can lead to acute pancreatitis and even shock. Women taking estrogenic drugs such as oral contraceptives can induce pancreatitis due to increased triglycerides. Large amounts of vitamin D can cause high blood calcium, which can lead to acute pancreatitis. Drugs such as hypoglycemia, azathioprine, erythromycin, metronidazole, roxithromycin and hypocretin can cause pancreatitis. Therefore, when acute abdominal pain occurs during the use of the above-mentioned drugs without any other explanation, the possibility of drug-related pancreatitis should be considered and treated as early as possible, and if necessary, the causative drugs should be stopped as soon as possible. Clinical symptoms of acute pancreatitis Typical symptoms of acute pancreatitis are abdominal pain shortly after eating, and the clinical symptoms of patients with acute pancreatitis are mostly severe pain in the upper middle abdomen or left upper abdomen, even like knife-like cramps, accompanied by nausea and moderate fever. Patients often have increased abdominal pain soon after eating, and the abdominal pain is mostly in the left side of the upper middle abdomen, with varying degrees of pain, which can be dissipated to the lower back, intensified in the supine position and relieved in the sitting or forward flexion position, and cannot be relieved by antispasmodic analgesics. Therefore, if abdominal pain occurs soon after eating, it should be promptly treated. Most patients also have nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension and other symptoms, mostly after abdominal pain, characterized by vomiting food first, then bitter water, and pain not relieved after vomiting, and some patients may also have fever and jaundice. Atypical symptoms are easily mistaken for stomach pain Some patients have atypical symptoms and are often easily missed or misdiagnosed. Some pancreatitis does not occur immediately after a meal, but only that night or the next day, initially manifesting as epigastric distension, pain, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea, etc., similar to acute gastroenteritis, many patients often start to mistake it for stomach pain, so they take some drugs without permission, and family members often advise patients to eat something to relieve the pain, not knowing that these practices can cause the worsening of pancreatitis The patient’s family members often advise the patient to take something to relieve the pain, not knowing that these practices can cause the worsening of pancreatitis. Therefore, patient education should be done to avoid aggravation of the disease. The patient education should be popularized to prevent acute pancreatitis Acute pancreatitis is a clinical emergency with a high mortality rate, which can usually be relieved by symptomatic treatment such as fasting and hydration, decompression and rehydration, but some patients may develop into more dangerous and fatal acute pancreatitis. As primary care physicians, they should educate the potential patient population about the science of acute pancreatitis and raise patients’ awareness of the disease. Eliminating causative factors in daily life and avoiding factors that lead to the occurrence of pancreatitis can prevent the occurrence and recurrence of pancreatitis. The main measure to prevent pancreatitis is to eat small amounts of food and chew slowly, and avoid “eating meat and drinking alcohol”. Avoid high-protein, high-fat foods. For patients with hyperlipidemia, it is best to undergo lipid-regulating treatment under the guidance of a doctor. For patients with biliary diseases, it is best to actively treat them, eat reasonably, and avoid overeating to reduce the burden on the pancreas, liver and gallbladder, and stomach and intestines. Alcoholics, who have already had pancreatitis, should first abstain from alcohol to avoid repeating the same old disease. Even if you resume a normal diet, you should pay attention to late dietary modification and regular follow-up. If you are taking medication for other diseases, it is best to do so under the guidance of a doctor and not to take medication without permission, so as to avoid a sudden attack of pancreatitis with improper medication. If abdominal pain or bloating occurs after eating, especially after overeating or drinking alcohol, patients should seek medical attention in a timely manner to prevent pancreatitis from attacking them.