Atherosclerotic lesions are generally systemic disorders that occur in certain large and medium-sized arteries, such as the lower abdominal aorta, iliac artery, femoral artery, and N artery, while the upper extremity arteries are rarely involved. Peripheral Arterial Disease (PDA) is an important limb manifestation of atherosclerosis and a vascular degenerative disease. The number of patients with lower extremity atherosclerosis is increasing. Statistics show that there are 12 million patients with lower extremity atherosclerosis occlusive disease in the U.S. The annual incidence of lower extremity atherosclerosis occlusive disease among men aged 40 to 50 is 0.3%, and the incidence of lower extremity atherosclerosis occlusive disease among the elderly aged 75 and above is increased to 1%. A population survey in Australia showed that the incidence of lower extremity atherosclerotic occlusive disease in men aged 65-69 years was 10.6%, while the incidence of lower extremity atherosclerotic occlusive disease in those aged 75-79 years was as high as 23.3%'”. The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis of the lower extremities is complex, and is a process of long-term integrated action of a variety of factors. Arterial wall endothelial cell damage, functional changes, increased permeability, fatty plaques in the blood into fibrous plaques, platelet aggregation, ultimately leading to atherosclerosis lower extremity atherosclerosis occlusive disease. High risk factors for atherosclerosis are: hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes and smoking. The vast majority of atherosclerotic occlusive disease occurs in the lower extremities for reasons related to the high pressure of blood on the arteries of the lower extremities and the greater chance of internal and external damage to the arterial lining. The arteries of the lower extremities are prone to develop: the tibiofibular artery, the femoral N artery and the main iliac artery of the lower leg. The disease is often characterized by stenosis or occlusive lesions, which are segmentally confined to the arterial bifurcation, involving one or both lower extremity arteries, but rarely the upper extremity. In diabetic lower extremity atherosclerotic occlusive lesions are relatively unique, with involvement of the anterior tibial, posterior tibial and peroneal arteries being common, while atherosclerotic changes in the vessel wall are not evident. The presence of outflow channels in the arteries distal to the lesion is usually the key to vascular bypass grafting and interventional procedures. The early symptoms of lower extremity atherosclerosis are intermittent claudication, diminished or absent distal arterial pulsation, while resting pain, marked decrease in skin temperature, cyanosis, toe ulcers, gangrene, etc. may occur in later stages. As in patients with lower extremity atherosclerotic occlusive disease in combination with diabetes, some patients whose lower extremity arterial blood supply is already severely deficient due to neurological pathological factors have milder or even lack of clinical symptoms. The detection indexes of arterial occlusive diseases of lower extremities include: ankle-brachial index (ABI) measurement, which is a simple and effective test to reflect the hemodynamic changes of lower extremity atherosclerotic occlusive disease, and diagnostic imaging methods mainly include DSA, lower extremity arterial ultrasound, CTA and MRA. Angiography is the “gold standard” for the diagnosis of lower extremity atherosclerosis-occlusive disease, which can accurately show the location, degree, collateral circulation and hemodynamic changes of the narrowed or occluded blood vessels in lower extremity atherosclerosis-occlusive disease. Medical treatment for lower extremity atherosclerosis-occlusive disease mainly consists of antihypertensive, lipid-lowering, blood sugar control and anti-platelet aggregation, which can only slow down the progress of lower extremity atherosclerosis-occlusive disease, but cannot fundamentally eliminate the stenosis and occlusion of lower extremity atherosclerosis-occlusive vessels. Surgical procedures using endovascular stripping, artificial vessel replacement and bypass reconstruction are highly traumatic and risky, especially not suitable for patients with lower extremity atherosclerosis-occlusive disease combined with serious cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disorders and diabetes mellitus. The emerging endovascular interventional treatment for lower limb atherosclerosis has the advantages of minimally invasive, simple operation, precise efficacy and repeatable operation, which is the development direction of diagnosis and treatment of vascular diseases. At present, the interventional treatment of lower limb arteriosclerosis occlusion has gradually replaced the traditional bypass surgery. The characteristic treatment of Chinese medicine is an important part of peripheral vascular disease, which has been recorded in the ancestral medicine as early as “Jinjian of Medicine” and “Zhengzong of Surgery”: deglutition, gangrene, vascular disease, etc. There is early understanding and treatment plan for lower limb arteriosclerosis occlusive disease. Chinese medicine believes that its etiology and pathogenesis are mainly: yin-cold guest in the veins and ligaments, cold condensation and blood stasis, blood stasis and blood stagnation, stasis turning into heat for a long time, heat and poison congestion, blood defeat and decay. According to this principle, we adopt the methods of benefiting Qi and blood circulation, searching wind and dispelling cold, activating blood circulation, dispersing knots and relieving pain, clearing heat and detoxification, and the characteristic therapy of herbal fumigation can warm Yang and resolve stasis, clear heat and detoxification, remove decay and create muscle, improve blood circulation of limbs, make limbs warm, reduce pain, subside swelling, change skin color and recover, and have the effect of cleaning wounded surface, local anti-inflammation and promoting wound healing. Since 2008, our hospital has been carrying out multidisciplinary joint research and treatment for lower limb arteriosclerosis and diabetic foot, using modern diagnostic techniques, treating various causes of lower limb arteriosclerosis and diabetic foot by combining medical treatment with surgical intervention, traditional Chinese medicine external treatment with acupuncture therapy, relieving the pain of the majority of patients and achieving satisfactory results.