Clinically there is usually no such thing as the fastest and most effective treatment for hematuria. Drug treatment, surgical treatment and other treatments can be chosen according to the cause of the disease, such as urinary tract infections, urinary tract stones, urinary tract tumors, nephritis and so on. 1. Urinary tract infections: most of them are caused by gram-negative bacillus infections, of which Escherichia coli is the most common. Patients may have hematuria, frequent urination, urgency, painful urination, occasionally accompanied by chills, high fever and other symptoms. For treatment, anti-infective treatment such as levofloxacin and cefuroxime can be applied. If the treatment effect is not good, antibiotics can be adjusted according to the results of drug sensitivity test. 2. Urinary tract stones: Urinary tract stones can be formed in kidney, ureter and bladder, and the stones directly damage the urinary tract leading to hematuria. The treatment includes medication and surgery. (1) Drug treatment: according to the size of the stone, choose the stone pellet, pure uric acid stone or cystine stone, can choose the sodium hydrogen potassium citrate drug lithotripsy treatment and so on. It is also recommended to drink more water to promote the discharge of stones with urine. (2) Surgery: It is suitable for patients with poor drug treatment. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy utilizes high-energy shock waves to act on the stones, causing the stones to be crushed into fine sand and discharged with urine. Ureteroscopic lithotripsy is ureteroscopy from the urethra through the bladder into the ureter, the use of stone mesh basket or lithotripsy forceps to remove the stone. 3. Tumor: according to the location and nature of the tumor, oncology and urology department will evaluate and adopt different treatment measures such as surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. 4. Nephritis: according to other clinical manifestations and corresponding examination results, including renal ultrasound, renal function, etc., different treatment measures are adopted, and sometimes hormones and other immunosuppressants are needed. Patients with hematuria are advised to go to the hospital in time to find out the cause and follow the doctor’s instructions for treatment.