Fever with vomiting is one of the common clinical symptoms in children, and there are many reasons for it. It is usually seen in digestive system diseases such as acute gastroenteritis, and respiratory system diseases such as respiratory infections, pharyngitis and tonsillitis. In addition to fever and vomiting, abdominal pain, bloating, increased stool frequency and decreased appetite are also common symptoms. If the infection index is elevated, anti-infection and rehydration treatment is needed. Secondly, respiratory tract infections, such as acute pharyngitis or tonsillitis or severe cough, may also cause fever with vomiting, in addition to cough, sputum, sore throat, chest pain, shortness of breath and chest tightness. If the fever is accompanied by vomiting, it is generally considered to be related to neurological infection such as bacterial or viral encephalitis, which is usually accompanied by severe headache, high fever and neurological symptoms, and in this case, the cause should be clarified by cranial CT, cerebrospinal fluid and other related examinations and treated symptomatically. In conclusion, different measures should be taken for different causes of fever and vomiting, and symptomatic treatment is needed.