The eye is the most important sensory organ in the human body, and it is estimated that more than 80% of information is obtained with the eye. The role of the eyes for children is crucial, and protecting the eyesight so that children have a bright pair of eyes is a major concern for parents and a task for children’s eye health. The visual function of the eye develops gradually after birth under the stimulation of a suitable external environment. By the age of 6, the child’s vision develops to normal. Children’s vision judgment standards ——— ———- ———- —– Age Normal vision Low vision Normal vision Abnormal vision — ———- ———- ———- – 3～ ≥ 0.6 (4.8) ≤ 0.5 (4.7) ≤ 0.4 (4.6) or difference in visual acuity between two eyes greater than 2 lines 4～ ≥ 0.8 (4.9) ≤ 0.6 (4.8) ≤ 0.5 (4.7) or difference in visual acuity between two eyes greater than 2 lines 5～6 ≥ 1.0 (5.0) ≤ 0.8 (4.9) ≤ 0.6 (4.8) or difference in visual acuity between two eyes Greater than 2 rows ——— ———- ———- —– During the developmental stage of children’s visual development, the formation of visual function is easily disturbed and damaged by various factors, such as refractive error, refractive aberration, strabismus and other reasons that lead to abnormal visual development and other visual function development The development of amblyopia can be caused by abnormalities, i.e., the visual acuity is still abnormal after correction by wearing glasses and other methods. The prevalence of amblyopia is 2-4%, and amblyopia can be cured only at the plastic stage of visual development, beyond which correction of amblyopia is very difficult. Early visual developmental abnormalities in amblyopia and strabismus are not easily detected by parents, and when obvious eye and vision abnormalities appear, the best time for correction may have been missed. Therefore, the focus of vision care for children aged 0-6 years is vision screening, early detection of amblyopia, strabismus and diseases affecting visual development, and early action. Amblyopia treatment should be a comprehensive therapy, amblyopia treatment efficacy evaluation criteria are: 1, invalid: including visual acuity regression, unchanged or only improve a line; 2, progress: visual acuity improvement of two lines and more; 3, basic recovery: visual acuity recovery to ≥ 0.9; 4, cured: after 3 years of follow-up, visual acuity remains normal. At the same time, the patient should receive other visual function training in order to fully restore the monocular function of both eyes.