Minimally invasive (Minimally Invasive) refers to a surgical concept that achieves the best surgical outcome with minimal invasion and physiological disturbance, and its main feature is the minimization of trauma to the human body compared to conventional surgery. Accidental trauma is extremely harmful to the human body and difficult to avoid; surgery is a planned trauma, and the operator should strive to minimize the trauma of surgery, i.e., to achieve the goal of minimally invasive. The concept of “minimally invasive” was first introduced in 1985 by British doctors such as Payne and Wickham, based on the technique of endoscopic treatment of urinary stones. In 1987, French surgeon Phillipe Mouret performed the first laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), a landmark event that established the concept of “Minimally Invasive Surgery” (MIS). This landmark event established the concept of “Minimally Invasive Surgery” (MIS). When the concept of “Minimally Invasive Surgery, MIS” was first introduced into China, there were differences in its understanding: one understanding was that it was directly translated as “minimally invasive surgery”; the other was that it was The other understanding is “minimally invasive concept” or “minimally invasive technology”. With its vigorous development in China, people’s understanding of MIS has gradually deepened along with clinical practice, and we have gradually realized that it may be more appropriate to broadly understand MIS as “minimally invasive concepts” or “minimally invasive techniques”. MIS is not an emerging and independent discipline, and cannot be juxtaposed with traditional general surgery, cardiothoracic surgery and orthopedic surgery, nor is it a new branch of a traditional discipline, but a new concept and technology developed under the guidance of a new medical philosophy. We have mentioned many times that the concept of minimally invasive is “new”, but in fact, it is both “new” and “old”. Although the understanding of minimally invasive surgery in the past did not reach the height of today’s minimally invasive surgery era, the concept of minimally invasive surgery did not appear suddenly at the end of the 20th century before it was recognized. The concept of minimally invasive surgery has always been a basic concept of traditional surgery, and it is as much a part of the entire surgical practice as the concept of sterility, and the establishment of the concept of minimally invasive surgery is a basic requirement for surgeons and a basic quality for any surgeon. As far back as the 4th century BC, Hippocrates (460-377 BC), the father of ancient Greek medicine, warned physicians “not to do too much”, which implies the concept of “the smallest possible trauma”. William S. Halsted (1852-1922), one of the founders of modern western surgery and the first chief surgeon of Johns Hopkins Hospital in the United States, proposed gentle manipulation of tissues, proper hemostasis, sharp anatomical separation, clear and clean surgical field, avoidance of large ligated tissues, and the use of good suture materials, all of which are important principles to guide traditional surgery to reduce trauma. important principles, which also include the meaning of minimally invasive. The concept of minimally invasive includes many elements. Microspine surgery, for example, is a widely accepted minimally invasive concept that involves the use of surgical magnification devices (head-mounted magnifiers, operating microscopes) in spine surgery. With magnification devices, the fine structures of nerve tissue and blood vessels can be seen more clearly, resulting in less trauma. The use of head-mounted magnifiers and surgical microscopes has greatly improved the effectiveness of spinal surgery and reduced surgical complications. Head-mounted magnifiers and surgical microscopes are now essential tools for spine surgery. Minimally invasive spine surgery techniques are used for almost all diseases of the spine. The main purpose of minimally invasive spine surgery, as opposed to open spine surgery, is to treat spinal disorders through a variety of minimally invasive means to achieve the same or better results than open spine surgery while minimizing surgical trauma, promoting early recovery, and reducing postoperative sequelae. Minimally invasive spine surgery is a sublimation of conventional open surgery. When it comes to minimally invasive, it should be especially emphasized that a small incision cannot simply be interpreted as minimally invasive. Some people think that as long as the incision is small it is minimally invasive, but it is not. It is generally believed that the size of the incision does not make much difference to the person’s damage; it is the size of the nerve and vascular damage that is most important.