Cochlear implants can help people who are profoundly or profoundly deaf to communicate better through their hearing, thereby enabling them to have more educational and employment opportunities and to rejoin mainstream society. While cochlear implants offer new hope for people with severe and profound deafness, they do not mean that all patients can be implanted, and it is important to have a proper understanding of cochlear implants and appropriate expectations. The limitations of cochlear implants We need to understand both the joy that cochlear implants bring to the lives of many deaf people and their limitations: Not all patients with profound deafness or those who are ineffective with hearing aids are suitable for cochlear implants. In addition, the patient’s desire to regain hearing and the family’s financial support may affect the outcome of the cochlear implant. Criteria for Cochlear Implants There are different criteria for cochlear implants for adults and children. The same criteria are: severe or profound sensorineural deafness in both ears; hearing loss that cannot be improved by hearing aids or other devices; a strong desire to improve hearing and a good psychological profile; support from family and friends and a good understanding of cochlear implants and appropriate expectations; and no contraindications to surgery. The different selection criteria are: adults must be postlingually deaf and have positive electrical stimulation of the headphones, but there is no clear age limit; young people, middle-aged people and elderly people can be implanted as long as they are postlingually deaf and meet the requirements for surgical anesthesia; for pediatric patients, the procedure can be performed at the youngest age of 12 months (FDA approved), and in some special cases, the age for implantation can be further advanced by In some special cases, the implantation can be done several months earlier. Patients with prelingual deafness have better results before the age of 8 years, especially before the age of 4 years; if they can wear hearing aids for 3-6 months before surgery and undergo aural rehabilitation, they can improve their speech after surgery. Risks of Cochlear Implants Cochlear implants require a complete hearing rehabilitation education program, and parents need to have adequate financial and material resources. In addition, children need to rule out conditions that make them unsuitable for surgery, such as incomplete or absent bilateral auditory nerves, nerve damage that causes auditory nerve block, significantly lower intelligence, and a risk rate of implantation that exceeds the benefit. There are also factors that influence patient selection, such as patients with degenerative neurological disease and cerebrovascular pathology are not suitable for cochlear implantation. There are also certain risks associated with cochlear implant surgery, such as facial palsy. In conclusion, cochlear implants have patient requirements and selection criteria, and it should not be assumed that any patient who is profoundly deaf or who is ineffective with hearing aids can have a cochlear implant. To date, it is not possible to predict with any degree of accuracy what the outcome of a cochlear implant will be. Because there are many factors that affect the outcome of a cochlear implant, it can be a long, slow process for some people, while for others it can take only a few weeks to achieve good results, such as adults who lose their hearing suddenly due to a pathology and have a cochlear implant in a very short period of time.