The causes of myopia are partly related to genetic factors, but more importantly, environmental factors. With the diversification of video terminals and the increasing pressure on teenagers to study, the incidence of myopia among teenagers is increasing year by year. The impact of myopia on adolescents is self-evident, as it affects learning due to blurred vision, visual fatigue, aesthetics due to skewed eye position, and even amblyopia. Therefore, it is necessary to master the scientific method of myopia correction, this section will mainly talk about the correction method of myopia.
Medical Optometry
To solve the problem of myopia correction, the first thing you must do is medical optometry, to confirm whether it is pseudomyopia or true myopia, to determine the best prescription, so that the wearer can see more clearly, see more comfortably and see more permanently. Medical optometry steps will not be detailed, but should pay attention to the following issues.
1, pay attention to the ophthalmic history inquiry and eye examination, through the medical history inquiry, can understand the patient’s past prescription, eye habits, etc., eye examination can rank whether the patient has other eye diseases, such as corneal disease, cataract, fundus disease, so that the patient can get the best treatment.
2. Check the dominant eye (primary eye) to keep the same before and after wearing the lens. Changing the dominant eye before and after the prescription will make the patient have to readjust to it, thus creating an uncomfortable feeling.
3, must check the eye position, because the eye position determines whether the prescription is undercorrected or overcorrected, in general, the internal oblique myopia is undercorrected, the farsighted eye is fully corrected, the external oblique myopia is fully corrected, the farsighted eye is fully corrected.
4. Adjustment power is also an indicator that must be measured. Usually, if the adjustment power is strong, the myopia will be undercorrected, the hyperopia will be overcorrected, and if the adjustment power is weak, the opposite will happen.
5.Check the visual function of both eyes, especially when the degree of both eyes are not equal, must pay attention to the balance of both eyes.
6. Pay attention to the astigmatism axis, accuracy is necessary, in addition, parsimonious astigmatism is generally undercorrected, retro-regular astigmatism or oblique axis usually must be fully corrected.
7, accurate measurement of the pupillary distance, in order to maintain the center of the visual axis of both eyes and the optical center of the glasses consistent.
Myopia correction methods can be divided into two categories: non-surgical methods and surgical methods in general direction.
Non-surgical methods
Frame glasses – the simplest and most affordable method of correction for adolescents, and currently the primary method of myopia correction. The advantage is that they are convenient and affordable, but the disadvantage is that they affect the aesthetics and movement, and they shrink the image.
Corneal contact lenses are divided into soft corneal contact lenses, which are often referred to as contact lenses, and rigid oxygen permeable corneal contact lenses, or RGP. corneal contact lenses make up for the shortcomings of frame glasses, and RGP can also stop the development of myopia to a certain extent, but corneal contact lenses must pay attention to cleanliness and hygiene, otherwise infection is likely to occur, in addition, the correction of astigmatism or some lacking.
Corneal shaping lens – is currently the only effective correction method to improve naked eye vision without surgery, sleep at night, no glasses during the day, and can effectively control the development of youth myopia, the shortcomings are more expensive, but also has the common disadvantages of corneal contact lens.
Surgical methods
Corneal surgery – At present, the main method is laser myopia surgery. For adolescents under the age of 18, laser myopia surgery is chosen mainly because of refractive parallax and patients who cannot tolerate corneal contact lenses, and for underage myopic patients who choose laser surgery, the indications for surgery should be strictly grasped.
Crystal surgery – For adolescent myopic patients, if the myopia is too high, or if there is clouding of the lens, crystal refractive surgery can be considered, including lens replacement and intraocular lens implantation (ICL).
Scleral surgery – mainly posterior scleral reinforcement, may be considered for patients with ultra-high myopia, especially pathological myopia, in order to effectively reduce the growth rate of the eye axis.
For adolescents, if it is the first time that myopia symptoms appear, you should first rule out whether it is pseudomyopia or true myopia, and the best way to correct true myopia is to wear frame glasses. (Reprinted from “Eye Curtain”)