Burns or scalds often occur in daily life, people often panic when encountering this situation, shouting, panic to the hospital or rushed to the wound coated with soy sauce, alkali or salt, etc.. In fact, these practices often affect the best treatment of the wound, and sometimes even aggravate the condition. Because the heat after the burn has burned the skin, and the heat that invades the body will continue to soak into the deeper layers, causing delayed damage to the deeper tissues. So how do you utilize the facilities at the site where the burn or scald occurred to provide scientifically sound early treatment of the wound to reduce the damage caused by the burn? Cold therapy. Cold therapy is to place the injured limb under flowing tap water to rinse or in a large basin to soak after a burn, if there is no tap water, the limb can be immersed in well water, river water. Cold therapy can lower the local temperature, reduce the pain of the wound, stop the continued damage of heat and reduce oozing and edema. The duration of cold therapy is mostly based on the fact that there is no more severe pain in the wound after stopping cold therapy, which is about half an hour. The water temperature is generally 15-20 ℃, if possible, can put some ice in the water to reduce the water temperature. Timely cold therapy can neutralize the residual heat that invades the body, preventing the continued penetration of heat, preventing the wound from deepening and reducing the depth of tissue burns. Cold therapy can also reduce edema, burn skin capillary expansion, capillary permeability increases, a large number of plasma-like substances seeping out of the blood vessels to form edema or blisters, cold therapy can be due to the high temperature expansion of capillary contraction, reduce the exudation of plasma-like substances, reduce edema. Therefore, the earlier the better the cold therapy after burns, do not worry about bacteria in the water, burn wounds will be infected by contact with raw water. Early cold therapy treatment of the wound should be carried out without hesitation to minimize the damage. Going to the hospital right away gives the best treatment, but sometimes you miss the golden hour for trauma treatment, resulting in irreversible damage to the deeper part of the wound. Acid and alkali burns can cause severe deep burns. Although acids and bases can be neutralized, the neutralization reaction can generate heat, which in turn can deepen the depth of the wound. In chemical burns of the head and face, first attention should be paid to the eyes to see if there is any damage to the cornea, and the wound should be flushed immediately with plenty of water. Lime burns are an exception to the rule, and should not be rinsed with water immediately after injury. Because quicklime in contact with water will produce a lot of heat, aggravating the degree of damage to the wound. Therefore, the lime must first be completely removed from the wound, and then the wound must be rinsed with plenty of water. Cold therapy is mostly applied to small and medium-sized burns of the limbs or head and face, and attention should be paid to the patient’s tolerance during the cold season. Large burns on cold therapy is not completely contraindicated, but should be considered cold therapy can make the body temperature decrease, is not conducive to anti-shock treatment. Treatment of trauma. Cold therapy has a certain mechanical cleaning effect on the wound, the wound is more clean, blisters do not break, do not tear the blister skin, in order to reduce the chance of contamination of the wound. The wound should not be coated with colorful drugs or covered with greasy dressings, so as not to affect the estimation and treatment of the depth of the wound. Protect the wound by wrapping it with a clean, clear sheet or dressing, and then send the casualty to the nearest hospital for further treatment. Once the skin has been burned, the damage will be irreversible. The formation of scars after deep burns is inevitable, and scar contracture deformity will directly affect the injured person’s work, study and life. However, by seizing the short golden time after the burn to carry out simple treatment of the wound, will greatly reduce the degree of damage, reduce the formation of scars, the injured person’s prognosis will be greatly improved.