There are more than 120 types of human papillomaviruses, among which those associated with cervical cancer are hpv16, hpv18, hpv31, hpv33, hpv35, hpv45, hpv51, hpv52, hpv56, hpv58, hpv61, etc. These are also called high-risk HPV, of which 80% of cervical cancers are associated with HPV16 and HPV18. HPV infects humans mainly through direct or indirect contact with contaminated objects or sexual transmission. Many studies have found that HPV infection is highest in sexually active young women, with a peak age of 18-28 years and a significant decline with age, but most data reports do not distinguish between high- and low-risk types. Most HPV infections disappear within a short period of time, and the body gradually clears the virus through its own immune system, especially for low-risk HPV types, which are more easily cleared by the body and last for about 18 months. However, for high-risk HPV infection, many studies have reported that the peak age of infection is 20-30 years old, and the infection is temporary at this stage, with a high rate of 25-30%, after which, the infection rate gradually decreases, and 5-10% of women with persistent high-risk HPV infection after 35 years old. These women with persistent HPV infection have a higher risk of developing cervical cancer.