Clinical manifestations: 1. Excessive daytime sleepiness and sleep episodes are often the first symptoms. Patients present with sudden unpredictable excessive drowsiness and irresistible episodes of falling asleep, especially in quiet or monotonous environments. When fatigued, sleep attacks can occur regardless of the occasion and time of day, even in hazardous environments. Sleep episodes often last less than one hour. A short nap can revitalize the mind. 2. Sudden collapse seizures are seen in 65% to 70% of patients with this disease. It can start at the same time as a sleep attack or several years after the onset of sleep attack symptoms. It is characterized by sudden muscle weakness and fall in the presence of emotion, shock, fear, anger, etc. The reflexes disappear, but the consciousness is clear for a few seconds to several minutes. Sudden collapse can also be seen in localized muscle groups, such as head droop, slurred speech and eyelid droop. 3. Sleep paralysis is seen in 15% to 34% of patients. It occurs when the patient is going to sleep or just waking up, and is characterized by the inability to move the whole body except for the extraocular muscles and respiratory muscles and the inability to speak, which lasts for a few seconds to a few minutes, and the patient may be extremely frightened. The patient may be extremely frightened. Subsequently, he/she may wake up completely or fall back to sleep. 4. Pre-sleep hallucinations are seen in 10% to 15% of patients. It is a distinctive dream-like hallucination during the migration from wakefulness to sleep. The above daytime sleep episodes, sudden collapse, sleep paralysis and pre-sleep hallucinations are often collectively referred to as the “episodic sleeping sickness quadruple syndrome”. Diagnosis: The diagnosis of the disease is mainly based on the typical clinical symptoms, usually based on sleep attacks and typical sudden collapse attacks. When the other 3 symptoms in the quadruple syndrome, other than daytime sleepiness, are not obvious or typical, it must be differentiated from other excessive daytime sleepiness diseases. Daytime multiple nap latency test and all-night polysomnography monitoring can be performed. Multiple nap latency test: 2 or more sleep-initiating REM sleeps in 5 naps, along with an average sleep latency of less than or equal to 8 minutes, support the diagnosis of episodic sleep disorder. Other related tests such as head MRI help to exclude other causes of somnolence. Differential diagnosis: 1, excessive daytime sleepiness Episodic sleepiness should be differentiated from other diseases of excessive daytime sleepiness, especially from obstructive sleep apnea, individual severe sleep apnea syndrome can be very similar to episodic sleepiness. The drowsiness of this disease is mostly sudden, short-lived, and mostly occurs in youth, with little difference in gender, while obstructive sleep apnea syndrome has habitual loud snoring, daytime drowsiness is frequent, and even if sleep is increased, the mind still feels unconscious after waking up. If the patient is male and older, or obese and the course of the disease continues to develop, the latter diagnosis is more supported. If necessary, multiple nap latency tests and nocturnal multichannel sleep monitor can be performed to clarify the diagnosis. 2. Sudden collapse seizures must be differentiated from epileptic seizures of dystonia and transient ischemic attacks of the vertebral basilar artery. Epilepsy without a history of irrepressible sleep seizures and without sleep-initiating REM sleep. In the majority of sudden collapse episodes with transient basilar artery ischemia, there are still symptoms such as vertigo, and there are signs and laboratory findings as they should be. 3, sleep paralysis and pre-sleep hallucinations are also seen in the normal population and should be noted. Treatment of seizure sleeping sickness: 1, general treatment Strictly observe the rest time. Caffeine-containing beverages are prohibited before bedtime. Enhance physical activity and various audio-visual stimuli during the day to improve excessive daytime sleepiness, thus also improving nighttime sleep. At the same time, some evidence shows that reasonable daytime naps can improve mental status. (1) Treatment of narcolepsy: The traditional central stimulant, methylphenidate, and the new “wake-promoting agent” modafinil can reduce excessive daytime sleepiness, and these drugs have been approved for the treatment of polysomnolence. The mechanism is to activate presynaptic dopaminergic neuronal activity. (2) Treatment of sudden collapse: antidepressants can improve sudden collapse and inhibit REM sleep by activating presynaptic adrenergic neuronal activity. Clomipramine, 25-75 mg daily, has been widely used in the treatment of this disease. In addition, selective 5-HT reuptake inhibitors such as fluoxetine, and combined inhibitors of norepinephrine and 5-HT reuptake such as venlafaxine, have shown some efficacy.