Many factors can cause facial pain, i.e. facial pain, not necessarily trigeminal neuralgia. Trigeminal neuralgia is similar to many pain disorders of the head and face and is difficult to distinguish. The diagnosis of trigeminal nerve mainly relies on typical clinical manifestations, which should generally have the following characteristics: episodic headache with paroxysmal, burning, knife-cutting, tearing or pinprick-like pain, intermittent as usual, with trigger points, pain strictly distributed in the trigeminal nerve distribution area, mostly unilateral, more common on the right side, commonly in the maxillary and mandibular branches. Positive neurological signs are not obvious, and there may be slight painful lateral hyperalgesia. Secondary trigeminal neuralgia can be excluded by CT and MRI. 3D-TOF-MRA examination shows that the trigeminal nerve is compressed by peripheral vessels in most patients. It is characterized by persistent swelling, dull pain and throbbing pain, which is limited to the gums and does not radiate to other parts of the teeth. It is distinguished from migraine by unilateral headache caused by vasodilatation imbalance, and is common in young and middle-aged women, who often have a history of headache or family history. There are often triggering factors such as fatigue, menstruation, and emotional stress. The pain may extend beyond the trigeminal nerve distribution area, and is dull and long-lasting, accompanied by nausea and vomiting. It is the same as trigeminal neuralgia in nature, and its incidence is about 1% of trigeminal neuralgia, and it is easily confused with the third branch of trigeminal nerve pain. The pain is paroxysmal and can be triggered by eating, talking or swallowing. Spraying the pharynx with 4% cocaine and 1% dicaine can relieve the pain and facilitate the diagnosis of glossopharyngeal neuralgia. Distinguished from trigeminal neuritis can be caused by influenza, maxillary sinusitis, frontal sinusitis, mandibular osteomyelitis, typhoid fever, malaria, diabetes, gout, alcoholism, lead poisoning, food poisoning, etc. The pain is persistent and is aggravated by pressure on the nerve branches. Hyperalgesia or hypersensitivity in the trigeminal nerve distribution area may be accompanied by motor branch dysfunction. Others, such as trigeminal neuralgia coexisting with glossopharyngeal neuralgia, pain after facial facelift, multiple sclerosis, etc. Only with a clear diagnosis can there be correct and effective treatment.