Growth retardation in preterm infants is partly corrected and partly not, depending on the circumstances. Therefore, child health care should be strengthened. A preterm infant is a fetus that is delivered at 28 weeks of gestation but less than 37 weeks. Preterm infants have a relatively short developmental time in the mother’s womb and therefore may experience physiologic growth retardation after birth. However, with age, preterm infants generally grow to normal levels, i.e., the growth retardation may be corrected. However, some preterm infants may have more serious problems such as ischemic-hypoxic encephalopathy, encephalopathy of prematurity, or inherited metabolic disorders, which result in irreversible damage to the brain cells, and the growth retardation in this case will not be completely corrected. Therefore, when preterm infants show symptoms of growth retardation, it is necessary to check the cause of the problem in time, and then carry out targeted treatment under the guidance of doctors, strengthen child health care, and reduce the negative prognosis. It is also necessary to pay attention to strengthening nutritional intake to promote the development of preterm babies.