I. Chinese medicine treatment According to the evidence, appropriate prescriptions and medicines are chosen to promote the regeneration of blood vessels in the necrotic femoral head, promote bone formation and accelerate repair. Traditional Chinese medicine is applicable to the whole process of treatment of this disease, playing a leading role in the early stage and an auxiliary role in the middle and late stages. (a) Congenital deficiency The treatment is to tonify the kidney and strengthen the bone, and the formula is Zuo Gui Wan. (2) Positive deficiency and evil invasion The treatment is to nourish the qi and blood, with the formula of Bajhen Tang, etc. (3) Qi stagnation and blood stasis The treatment is to move Qi to relieve pain and activate blood circulation to eliminate stasis. Topical medications such as anti-swelling and pain-relieving creams can be applied according to the condition. The Chinese herbal medicines used in our hospital for the treatment of pediatric osteonecrosis of femoral head are: Yuan’s raw vein into bone tablets, compound raw vein into bone tablets, healthy bone tablets, Chuanxiongzine, etc. (1) Bed rest and traction Traction or simple bed rest for 3 to 4 weeks is generally used to significantly relieve pain, which is also the basis for further treatment, especially for cases suspected of the disease but not immediately diagnosed. (2) Orthopedic brace and cast fixation Generally, the lower limb is fixed with a brace or cast in an abducted 35º~45º and rotated in a 5º~10º position, with the aim of increasing the inclusion of the femoral head. At the same time, the femoral head is placed deep within the acetabulum, which can relieve pain, release soft tissue spasm, and facilitate the normal development and shaping of the epiphysis to prevent the deformation of the necrotic femoral head. The whole course of treatment usually takes about 1 to 1.5 years (b) Surgery Surgery is used for older children with total deformation of the femoral head epiphysis and subluxation to improve the head socket inclusion. For example, proximal femoral inversion rotational osteotomy, acetabular capping, pelvic osteotomy (Salter or Chiari), etc. The specific choice should be combined with the actual situation of the child, carefully analyze the X-ray film, and develop a reasonable surgical plan around correcting the pathological state.