Because hyperthyroidism is common in women of childbearing age, it is not uncommon for hyperthyroidism to be combined with pregnancy in daily clinical practice. The general principle is to cure or control hyperthyroidism before considering pregnancy, which is safe for both mother and child. However, the clinical situation is complicated. Some people have hyperthyroidism, but they do not know it, and when they get pregnant, they find it during routine pregnancy checkups. Others are aware of hyperthyroidism and become pregnant because they are not using contraception or it fails. The clinical management of hyperthyroidism combined with pregnancy is more complex. First of all, it is important to understand that pregnancy with uncontrolled hyperthyroidism is a dangerous state and is a high-risk pregnancy, which poses risks to both mother and child, such as pregnancy complications, which can lead to miscarriage, preterm delivery, fetal malformation, etc. In severe cases, hyperthyroidism crisis and heart failure can endanger the life of mother and child. This situation should be avoided as much as possible, but it is often encountered in clinical practice. In young people with severe hyperthyroidism, it may be recommended to terminate the pregnancy, treat the hyperthyroidism, and wait until the hyperthyroidism is controlled or clinically cured before pregnancy, or treat the hyperthyroidism with antithyroid drugs, but the patient has to bear the possible serious risks; for advanced maternal age with moderate or mild hyperthyroidism, oral propylthiouracil can be used to treat the hyperthyroidism in early pregnancy, i.e., the first 3 months, after which it can be changed to methimazole tablets, with the lowest possible dose and close monitoring The entire labor and delivery process should be monitored closely. In individual cases, if the patient has hyperthyroidism and anti-thyroid medication is not appropriate, hyperthyroidism surgery can only be performed in the middle of pregnancy, i.e., during the fourth to sixth months, so that side effects caused by anesthetic drugs, such as miscarriage and preterm delivery, can be minimized. The effects of hyperthyroidism on the pregnant woman and the fetus are greater than those of antithyroid drugs, and both have adverse effects on the mother and child. Do not stop taking anti-thyroid medication on your own due to possible side effects, which may lead to serious consequences. For hyperthyroidism patients who want to have a baby as soon as possible, they can choose surgery or iodine 131 treatment. The former is more effective and can cure the hyperthyroidism in a few months, and the desire to get pregnant can be satisfied within six months. The latter, iodine 131 treatment, is safer and is a better choice for most people who can have their wish after six months. Pregnancy after clinical cure of hyperthyroidism is the ideal and safest situation. Pregnancy with medication (i.e. under maintenance medication after anti-thyroid treatment for hyperthyroidism) is also an option, but patients have to take some risks such as possible teratogenic effects of medication. Iodine 131 treatment for hyperthyroidism is not suitable for women who are already pregnant, nor for breastfeeding women. Domestic and international medical practice has repeatedly proven and has obtained clear conclusions that iodine 131 treatment of hyperthyroidism does not affect a woman’s normal subsequent fertility (pregnancy).